Zirconium (IV) chloride, kwaziwa njengei-zirconium tetrachloride,inefomula yemolekyuliZrCl4kunye nobunzima bemolekyuli ye-233.04.Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengee-reagents zohlalutyo, i-organic synthesis catalysts, ii-agent zokungangeni manzi, ii-agent zokuthambisa.
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Iimpawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali
1. Umlingiswa: Ikristale emhlophe ekhazimlayo okanye umgubo, i-deliquescent ngokulula.
2. Indawo yokunyibilika (℃): 437 (2533.3kPa)
3. Indawo yokubilisa (℃): 331 (sublimation)
4. Ubuninzi obuzalanayo (amanzi=1): 2.80
5. Uxinzelelo lomphunga (kPa): 0.13 (190 ℃)
6. Uxinzelelo olunzima (MPa): 5.77
7. Ukunyibilika: Inyibilika emanzini abandayo, i-ethanol, kunye ne-ether, ayinyibiliki kwi-benzene, i-carbon tetrachloride, kunye ne-carbon disulfide.
Kulula ukufunxa ukufuma kunye nokufuma, i-hydrolyzed kwi-hydrogen chloride kunye ne-zirconium oxychloride emoyeni omanzi okanye isisombululo esinamanzi, i-equation imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ZrCl4+H2O─→ZrOCl2+2HCl
Uzinzo
1. Uzinzo: Izinzile
2. Izinto ezingavumelekanga: amanzi, iiamines, iialkoholi, iiasidi, iiester, iiketones.
3. Iimeko zokuthintela ukudibana: umoya omanzi
4. Ingozi yePolymerization: non polymerization
5. Imveliso yokubola: i-chloride
Isicelo
(1) Isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-zirconium yesinyithi, i-pigments, i-textile yokukhusela amanzi, i-leather tanning agents, njl.
(2) Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-zirconium compounds kunye ne-organic metal organic compounds, ingasetyenziselwa njenge-solvent kunye ne-agent yokucoca i-remelted magnesium metal, kunye nemiphumo yokususa isinyithi kunye ne-silicon.
Indlela yokudibanisa
Ukulinganisa i-zirconia kunye ne-calcined carbon black ngokwe-molar ratio yokulinganisa, xuba ngokulinganayo kwaye uzibeke kwisikhephe se-porcelain.Beka isikhephe se-porcelain kwityhubhu ye-porcelain kwaye uyifudumeze ukuya kuma-500 ℃ kumlambo wegesi yeklorini ukwenzela ukubalwa.Qokelela imveliso usebenzisa umgibe kwiqondo lokushisa.Ukuqwalasela i-sublimation ye-tetrachloride ye-zirconium kwi-331 ℃, ityhubhu ende ye-600mm ingasetyenziselwa ukuyibuyisela kwakhona kumlambo wegesi ye-hydrogen kwi-300-350 ℃ ukususa i-oxides kunye ne-ferric chloride kwi.i-zirconium chloride.
Impembelelo kokusingqongileyo
Iingozi zempilo
Indlela yokuhlasela: ukuphefumla, ukungeniswa, ukudibanisa kwesikhumba.
Ingozi yempilo: Ukuphefumla kunokubangela ukucaphuka kokuphefumula, musa ukuginya.Inochuku olunamandla kwaye inokubangela ukutshisa kwesikhumba kunye nomonakalo wamehlo.Ukulawulwa ngomlomo kunokubangela ukuvutha komlomo nasemqaleni, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ilindle elinamanzi, ilindle elinegazi, ukuwa, kunye nokuxhuzula.
Iziphumo ezingapheliyo: Ibangela igranuloma yesikhumba.Ukucaphuka kancinci kwindlela yokuphefumla.
I-Toxicology kunye neNdalo
Ubuthi obunzima: LD501688mg/kg (ulawulo lomlomo kwiigundane);665mg/kg (impuku yomlomo)
Iimpawu eziyingozi: Xa iphantsi kobushushu okanye emanzini, iyabola kwaye ikhuphe ubushushu, ikhuphe umsi oyityhefu kunye nomhlwa.
Ukutshisa (ukubola) imveliso: i-hydrogen chloride.
Indlela yokubeka iliso kwilebhu: I-Plasma spectroscopy (indlela ye-NIOSH 7300)
Ukulinganisa emoyeni: Isampuli iqokelelwa kusetyenziswa isihluzo, inyibilikiswe kwi-asidi, kwaye emva koko ilinganiswe ngokusebenzisa i-spectroscopy yokufunxa i-athomu.
Imigangatho yokusingqongileyo: uKhuseleko lwezeMisebenzi kunye noLawulo lwezeMpilo (1974), i-Air Time Weighted Average 5.
Ukuvuza impendulo kaxakeka
Yahlula indawo engcolisekileyo ngokuvuza kwaye usete iimpawu ezilumkisayo malunga nayo.Kucetyiswa ukuba abasebenzi abangxamisekileyo banxibe iimaski zegesi kunye nempahla ekhuselayo yeekhemikhali.Musa ukudibana ngqo nezinto ezivuzayo, luphephe uthuli, ulutshayela ngocoselelo, lungisa isisombululo esimalunga ne-5% yamanzi okanye iasidi, ukongeza ngokuthe ngcembe amanzi e-ammonia de kubekho imvula, uze uyilahle.Unokuphinda uhlambulule ngamanzi amaninzi, kwaye uhlambulule amanzi okuhlamba kwisistim samanzi amdaka.Ukuba kukho inani elikhulu lokuvuza, lisuse phantsi kwesikhokelo sabasebenzi bezobugcisa.Indlela yokulahla inkunkuma: Xuba inkunkuma nesodium bicarbonate, fafaza ngamanzi e-ammonia, uze wongeze umkhenkce otyumkileyo.Emva kokuyeka ukusabela, hlambulula ngamanzi kwi-sewer.
Amanyathelo okukhusela
Ukukhuselwa kokuphefumla: Xa ubonakaliswe eluthulini, isigqubuthelo segesi kufuneka sinxitywe.Nxiba izixhobo zokuphefumla ezizimeleyo xa kuyimfuneko.
Ukhuseleko lwamehlo: Nxiba izibuko zokhuseleko lwekhemikhali.
Impahla ekhuselayo: Nxiba iimpahla zokusebenza (ezenziwe ngezinto ezithintela ukubola).
Ukhuseleko lwesandla: Nxiba iiglavu zerabha.
Okunye : Xa uphuma emsebenzini hlamba utshintshe nempahla.Gcina iimpahla ezinetyhefu ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye uphinde uzisebenzise emva kokuhlanjwa.Gcina imikhwa elungileyo yococeko.
Amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala
Ukudibana nolusu: Sula ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi kangangemizuzu eli-15.Ukuba kukho ukutsha, funa unyango.
Ukudibana kwamehlo: Phakamisa ngokukhawuleza iinkophe kwaye uhlambulule ngamanzi aqukuqelayo okanye i-physiological saline ubuncinane imizuzu eyi-15.
Ukuphefumla: Susa ngokukhawuleza kwindawo yesiganeko ukuya kwindawo enomoya omtsha.Gcina umgudu wokuphefumla ongathintelekiyo.Yenza ukuphefumla okwenziweyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.Funa unyango.
Ukuginya: Xa isigulana sivukile, hlambulula umlomo ngokukhawuleza, musa ukugabha, kwaye usele ubisi okanye iqanda elimhlophe.Funa unyango.
Indlela yokucima umlilo: ugwebu, ikharbon diokside, isanti, umgubo owomileyo.
UHlelo lweNdlela yokuGcina
Gcina kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo, nengena umoya.Zigcine kude neentlantsi kunye nemithombo yobushushu.Ukupakishwa kufuneka kutywinwe kwaye kukhuselwe kumswakama.Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-acids, i-amines, i-alcohol, i-esters, njl., kwaye ugweme ukuxuba ukugcinwa.Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngezinto ezifanelekileyo zokuqulatha ukuvuza.
Ukuqulunqwa kweDatha yeComputational Chemistry
1. Ixabiso lokubhekisela kwi-hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP): Akukho
2. Inani labaxhasi be-hydrogen bond: 0
3. Inani le-hydrogen bond receptors: 0
4. Inani leebhondi zeekhemikhali ezijikelezayo: 0
5. Inani leetautomers: Akukho
6. Imolekyuli ye-Topological indawo yepolarity: 0
7. Inani leathom ezinzima: 5
8. Intlawulo yomphezulu: 0
9. Ukuntsonkotha: 19.1
10. Inani leAtom ze-Isotope: 0
11. Qinisekisa inani lamaziko okwakhiwa kweathom: 0
12. Inani lamaziko olwakhiwo lweathom angaqinisekanga: 0
13. Qinisekisa inani leekhemikhali bond stereocenters: 0
14. Inani lee-stereocenters zekhemikhali ezingaqinisekanga: 0
15. Inani leeyunithi zebhondi ye-covalent: 1
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-12-2023