Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-40 yemizamo, ngakumbi uphuhliso olukhawulezayo ukususela ngo-1978, i-Chinaumhlaba onqabileyoishishini liye lafumana umtsi womgangatho wemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso, usenza inkqubo yoshishino epheleleyo.Ngoku,umhlaba onqabileyoukucocwa eTshayina
Umthamo wokunyibilikiswa kwentsimbi ekrwada kunye nokwahlula bufikelela ngaphezu kwe-130000 yeetoni ngonyaka (REO), kwaye imveliso yonyaka yomhlaba onqabileyo ifikelela ngaphezulu kwe-70000 yeetoni, ibalwa ngaphezulu kwe-80% yemveliso iyonke yehlabathi.Imveliso yayo kunye nomthamo wayo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zezona zikhulu zehlabathi.
Kukho ngaphezu kwe-170umhlaba onqabileyoamashishini okunyibilikisa kunye nokwahlula eTshayina, kodwa 5 kuphela ngonyaka processing umthamo ngaphezu 5000 iitoni (REO), kunye namashishini amaninzi ukuba processing umthamo 1000-2000 iitoni.
Okwangoku, iChina yenze iziseko ezithathu zemveliso ikakhulu ezijikeleze ezintathu ezinkuluumhlaba onqabileyoizixhobo:
(1) Umntlaumhlaba onqabileyoisiseko semveliso senziwe ngeBaotou exutyweumhlaba onqabileyointsimbi njengento ekrwada, kunye neBaotouUmhlaba onqabileyoI-High Tech kunye neGansu Rare Earth Company njengomqolo.Kukho amashishini angaphezu kwama-80 avelisayoumhlaba onqabileyoiikhemikhali ezifanai-chloride yomhlaba enqabileyokunye ne-carbonate ngonyaka
Ngaphezulu kwe-60000 yeetoni zeekhompawundi kunye ne-15000 yeetoni ze-singleumhlaba onqabileyoiikhompawundi.Okwangoku, uninziumhlaba onqabileyoamashishini asetyenza i-Baotou ore isebenzisa inkqubo yokunyibilika kweasidi eyenziwe yiBeijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, kwaye emva koko isebenzise iP204 okanye iP507 yokutsalwaukwahlukana, okoukucoceka okuphezulu kwe-ceriumNgokuqhelekileyo itsalwa nge-oxidation extraction, kunye nebakala le-fluorescenti-europium oxideikhutshwa ngokutsalwa kokunciphisa.Iimveliso eziphambili ziquka enye okanye ixutywe iikhompawundi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezifanalanthanum, i-cerium, ipraseodymium, neodymium, samarium, ubuchopho, njl.
(2) Iphakathi kunye nobunzimaumhlaba onqabileyoisiseko semveliso sithatha i-ore yohlobo lwe-ionic yasezantsi njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, kwaye iphatha phantse iitoni ezingama-20000 zohlobo lwe-ionic yasemazantsi.umhlaba onqabileyoore ngonyaka.Amashishini omqolo abandakanya iGuanzhou iPearl River Smelter, iJianyin JiahuaUmhlaba onqabileyoUmzi-mveliso, kunye neYixin Xinwei Rare Earth Co., Ltd Inkampani, iLiyan Luodiya Fangzheng Rare Earth Company, Guangdong Yanjiang Rare Earth Factory, njl. Uhlobo lwe-ion ye-ion enqabileyo imigodi yomhlaba jikelele isebenzisa i-ammonium sulfate kwi-situ leaching carbonate precipitation ignition hydrochloric acid dissolution and naph50 ukwahlukana kwe-acid extraction kunye nokuhlanjululwa.
Phakathi ukuya kubunzima omnyeiioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyokunye nezinye iikhompawundi ezityetyisiweyo ezifanaiyttrium, idysprosium, terbium, ubuchopho, lanthanum, neodymium, samarium, njl.
(3) Ukusebenzisa i-Mianning fluorocarbon cerium ore eSichuan njengento ekrwada, isiseko semveliso ye-fluorocarbon cerium ore iye yasekwa eSichuan.Okwangoku kukho izityalo ezingama-27 ze-hydrometallurgy ezinesiphumo sonyaka esipheleleyo seetoni ezingama-15-2000.Inkqubo yokunyibilika kwentsimbi ye-fluoride kunyei-ceriumIntsimbi ekrwada ikakhulu ibandakanya ukuqhotswa nge-oxidation viinkqubo zonyango oluyingozi lwekhemikhali olusuka kwinkqubo ephambili yokuqhotsa iasidi yesulfuric, kunye neemveliso ezizezinye okanye ezixutywe iikhompawundi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo eziqulunqwe ikakhululanthanum, i-cerium, kwayeneodymium.Uninzi lwamashishini mancinci ngokwezinga, anezixhobo eziphantsi kunye nenqanaba lobuchwepheshe.TNazi iimveliso ezininzi eziphambili kwiumhlaba onqabileyoiimveliso zokunyibilikisa, ezinobunyulu obuphezulu kunye neemveliso ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezidityanisiweyo eziqikelelwa ukuba zingagqithi kwi-5%.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-02-2023