Okwangoku, zombini ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-nanomaterials kuye kwatsala ingqalelo kumazwe ahlukeneyo.I-nanotechnology yaseChina iyaqhubeka nokwenza inkqubela phambili, kwaye ukuveliswa kwemveliso okanye ukuveliswa kwezilingo kuye kwaqhutywa ngempumelelo kwi-nanoscale SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, ZnO2, Fe2O3 kunye nezinye izinto ze powder.Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yangoku yokuvelisa kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokuvelisa ubuthathaka bayo obubulalayo, obuya kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwama-nanomaterials.Ngoko ke, ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kuyimfuneko.
Ngenxa yolwakhiwo olukhethekileyo lwe-elektroniki kunye neradiyasi enkulu yeathomu yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, iipropathi zabo zekhemikhali zahluke kakhulu kwezinye izinto.Ngoko ke, indlela yokulungiselela kunye neteknoloji emva kokunyanga kwe-nano oxides enqabileyo yomhlaba nayo ihluke kwezinye izinto.Iindlela zophando eziphambili ziquka:
1. Indlela yokunciphisa: kubandakanywa i-oxalic acid precipitation, i-carbonate precipitation, i-hydroxide precipitation, i-homogeneous precipitation, i-complexation precipitation, njl. Into enkulu yale ndlela kukuba isisombululo sidibanisa ngokukhawuleza, kulula ukulawula, isixhobo silula, kwaye sinokuvelisa. iimveliso ezicocekileyo.Kodwa kunzima ukuhluza kwaye kulula ukuhlanganisa.
2. Indlela ye-Hydrothermal: Ukukhawulezisa kunye nokomeleza i-hydrolysis reaction ye-ion phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo, kwaye wenze i-nanocrystalline nuclei ehlakazekileyo.Le ndlela inokufumana i-nanometer powders kunye ne-uniform dispersion kunye nokusabalalisa ubungakanani be-particle encinci, kodwa idinga ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nezixhobo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezibiza kwaye zingakhuselekanga ukusebenza.
3. Indlela yejeli: Yindlela ebalulekileyo yokulungiselela izinto ezingabonakaliyo, kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-inorganic synthesis.Kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, i-organometallic compounds okanye i-organic complexes inokwenza i-sol ngokusebenzisa i-polymerization okanye i-hydrolysis, kwaye yenza i-gel phantsi kweemeko ezithile.Unyango olongezelelekileyo lobushushu lunokuvelisa ii-noodles zeRice ezigqibeleleyo ezinomgangatho othile omkhulu kunye nokusasazwa okungcono.Le ndlela inokuthi iqhutywe phantsi kweemeko ezinobunzima, okubangelwa umgubo kunye nommandla omkhulu kunye nokusabalalisa okungcono.Nangona kunjalo, ixesha lokuphendula lide kwaye lithatha iintsuku ezininzi ukugqiba, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoshishino.
4. Indlela yesigaba esiqinileyo: ukubola kobushushu obuphezulu kuqhutywa ngeekhompawundi eziqinileyo okanye ukusabela kwesigaba esiqinileyo esiphakathi.Umzekelo, i-nitrate yomhlaba enqabileyo kunye ne-oxalic acid zixutywa yi-solid phase ball milling ukwenza i-intermediate ye-oxalate yomhlaba enqabileyo, ethi ke iboliswe kubushushu obuphezulu ukufumana umgubo we-ultrafine.Le ndlela inokusebenza kakuhle kokusabela, izixhobo ezilula, kunye nokusebenza ngokulula, kodwa umgubo obangelwayo unesimo esingaqhelekanga kunye nokungafane kufane.
Ezi ndlela azizodwa kwaye zisenokungasebenzi ngokupheleleyo kushishino.Kukho neendlela ezininzi zokulungiselela, ezifana ne-organic microemulsion method, i-alcoholsis, njl.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-06-2023