Umthombo: Cailian News Agency
Kutshanje, iForam yesithathu ye-China Rare Earth Industry Chain ngo-2023 ibibanjelwe eGanzhou.Intatheli evela kwi-Arhente yeNdaba yaseCailian yafunda kwintlanganiso ukuba ishishini linethemba elilindelekileyo lokukhula okuthe kratya kwimfuno yomhlaba enqabileyo kulo nyaka, kwaye lilindele ukukhulula isixa esipheleleyo solawulo lwehlabathi elinqabileyo elikhanyayo kunye nokugcina amaxabiso omhlaba anqabileyo azinzileyo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokucuthwa kwezithintelo zobonelelo, amaxabiso omhlaba anqabileyo angaqhubeka ehla.
I-Arhente yeNdaba ye-Cailian, i-29 kaMatshi (iNgxelo ye-Wang Bin) Ixabiso kunye ne-quota ngamagama amabini abalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ishishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.Kutshanje, iForam yesithathu ye-China Rare Earth Industry Chain ngo-2023 ibibanjelwe eGanzhou.Intatheli evela kwi-Arhente yeNdaba yaseCailian yafunda kwintlanganiso ukuba ishishini linethemba elilindelekileyo lokukhula okuthe kratya kwimfuno yomhlaba enqabileyo kulo nyaka, kwaye lilindele ukukhulula isixa esipheleleyo solawulo lwehlabathi elinqabileyo elikhanyayo kunye nokugcina amaxabiso omhlaba anqabileyo azinzileyo.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokucuthwa kwezithintelo zobonelelo, amaxabiso omhlaba anqabileyo angaqhubeka ehla.
Ukongezelela, iingcali ezininzi kwintlanganiso zibonise ukuba imboni yasekhaya enqabileyo yomhlaba kufuneka iqhube phambili kwiiteknoloji eziphambili.U-Liu Gang, ilungu leKomishoni yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlaziyo kunye nosekela-sodolophu weSixeko saseQiqihar, kwiPhondo laseHeilongjiang, uthe, "Okwangoku, iteknoloji yaseChina enqabileyo yokwembiwa komhlaba kunye nokunyibilikisa ihambele phambili kumazwe ngamazwe, kodwa kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwezinto ezintsha ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo eziphambili, kusesemva kwinqanaba eliphambili lamazwe ngamazwe.Ukuqhawuka kuthintelo lwelungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza iya kuba ngumba wexesha elide ojongene nophuhliso lweshishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo laseTshayina. ”
Amaxabiso omhlaba anqabileyo angaqhubeka ehla
"Ukuphunyezwa kwethagethi yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini kuye kwakhawulezisa ukuphuhliswa kwamashishini afana namandla omoya kunye neenqwelo zamandla amatsha, okukhokelela ekunyukeni okubukhali kwimfuno yezixhobo zemagnethi ezisisigxina, eyona ndawo inkulu yokusetyenziswa komhlaba onqabileyo emhlabeni.Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, isixa esipheleleyo sezalathisi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ziye zasilela ngandlel' ithile ukukhawulelana nokukhula kwemfuno esezantsi, kwaye kukho umsantsa wobonelelo kunye nemfuno kwimarike. "Umntu onxulumene noshishino lomhlaba onqabileyo uthe.
Ngokuka-Chen Zhanheng, uSekela-Nobhala Jikelele we-China Rare Earth Industry Association, ukubonelelwa ngobutyebi kuye kwaba ngumqobo kuphuhliso lweshishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo lase-China.Ukhankanyile amaxesha amaninzi ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lwemali iyonke ithintele uphuhliso lweshishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuzama ukukhutshwa kwexabiso lilonke lokukhanya okunqabileyo kweeminerali zomhlaba ngokukhawuleza, ukuvumela ukukhanya komhlaba onqabileyo. amashishini ezezimayini afana noMntla Rare Earth kunye neSichuan Jiangtong ukulungiselela imveliso yabo ngokusekelwe kumthamo wabo wemveliso, unikezelo lwentsimbi enqabileyo yomhlaba, kunye nemfuno yemarike.
Ngomhla wama-24 kuMatshi, "Isaziso kwiZibonakalisi zoLawulo lweSixa esipheleleyo kwiBatch yokuQala ye-Rare Earth Mining, i-Smelting, kunye noKwahlula ngo-2023" yakhutshwa, kwaye izikhombisi zolawulo lwemali zizonke zinyuke nge-18.69% xa kuthelekiswa nebhetshi efanayo ngo-2022. UWang Ji, uMphathi weCandelo leentsimbi ezinqabileyo kunye nexabiso le-Iron kunye ne-Steel Union yaseShanghai, waxela kwangaphambili ukuba inani elipheleleyo lokumbiwa kwemigodi, ukunyibilikiswa kunye nokwahlulwa kweqela lesibini lezalathisi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo liya kwanda malunga ne-10% ukuya kwi-15% kwisiqingatha sesibini. zonyaka.
Umbono kaWang Ji kukuba ubudlelwane phakathi konikezelo kunye nemfuno yepraseodymium kunye neodymium itshintshile, ipateni yokubonelela ngepraseodymium kunye neodymium oxide iye yadamba, ngoku kukho ukugqithiswa okuncinci kweentsimbi, kwaye imiyalelo evela kwiinkampani zemagnethi ezisezantsi azizange zihlangabezane nokulindela. .Amaxabiso ePraseodymium kunye neodymium ekugqibeleni afuna inkxaso yabathengi.Ngoko ke, ixabiso lexesha elifutshane lepraseodymium kunye neodymium lisalawulwa luhlengahlengiso olubuthathaka, kwaye uluhlu lwexabiso lokuguquguquka kwepraseodymium kunye neodymium oxide luqikelelwa ukuba luyi-48-62 yezigidi / iitoni.
Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-China Rare Earth Industry Association, ukususela nge-27 kaMatshi, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-praseodymium kunye ne-neodymium oxide yayiyi-553000 yuan / ton, phantsi kwe-1/3 ukusuka kwixabiso eliqhelekileyo lonyaka odlulileyo kwaye isondele kumyinge wexabiso ngoMatshi 2021. Kwaye Uwama-2021 yindawo yokunyusela inzuzo kulo lonke ikhonkco loshishino lomhlaba onqabileyo.Kukholelwa ngokubanzi kwishishini ukuba iindawo ezichongiweyo kuphela zokukhula kwemfuno yemagnethi yomhlaba esisigxina kulo nyaka zizithuthi zamandla amatsha, ii-air conditioners eziguquguqukayo, kunye neerobhothi zamashishini, ngelixa ezinye iindawo ziyancipha.
U-Liu Jing, uSekela Mongameli we-Shanghai Iron and Steel Union, uthe, "Ngokubhekiselele kwii-terminals, kulindeleke ukuba izinga lokukhula kwee-odolo kwimimandla yamandla omoya, umoya womoya, kunye nee-Cs ezintathu ziya kuhamba kancinane, ishedyuli yokulandelelana. iya kuba mfutshane, kwaye amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza aya kuqhubeka nokunyuka, ngelixa ukwamkelwa kwe-terminal kuya kuncipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwenze umqobo phakathi kwamacala amabini.Ngokwembono yemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kunye nokumbiwa kwentsimbi ekrwada kuya kugcina ukonyuka okuthile, kodwa ukuzithemba kwabathengi akwanelanga. ”
U-Liu Gang ubonise ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kukho ukunyuka okuphawulekayo kumaxabiso eemveliso zezimbiwa ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, ezikhokelele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kweendleko zemveliso yamashishini asemva kwi-industrial chain, ukwehla okukhulu iinzuzo okanye ilahleko emandla, ekhokelela ekwenzekeni “kokuncitshiswa kwemveliso okanye okungenakuthintelwa, ukutshintshwa okanye ukungakwazi ukuzinceda”, okuchaphazela uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso yomhlaba enqabileyo iphela.“Ikhonkco leshishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo lineendawo ezininzi zokubonelela ngezinto, amatyathanga amade, kunye notshintsho olukhawulezayo.Ukuphucula indlela yamaxabiso kushishino lomhlaba onqabileyo akuncedi nje kuphela ekufezekiseni ukuncitshiswa kweendleko kunye nokunyuka okusebenzayo kushishino, kodwa kuphucule ngempumelelo ukhuphiswano lwemizi-mveliso.”
UChen Zhanheng ukholelwa ukuba ixabiso lomhlaba onqabileyo lisenokuqhubeka nokuhla.“Kunzima kumashishini asezantsi ukuba amkele ixabiso lepraseodymium neodymium oxide elidlula i-800000 ngetoni nganye, kwaye ayamkelekanga kushishino lwamandla omoya angaphaya kwe-600000 ngetoni nganye.Ukuhamba kwefandesi yamva nje yokuthengiswa kweebhidi kwi-Stock Exchange luphawu olucacileyo: ngaphambili, bekukho ukungxamela ukuthenga, kodwa ngoku akukho mntu unokuthenga.
"Ukumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nokuthengisa phantsi" okungazinzanga kokubuyiselwa komhlaba okunqabileyo
Ukurisayiklishwa komhlaba onqabileyo kuba ngomnye umthombo obalulekileyo wobonelelo lomhlaba onqabileyo.U-Wang Ji wabonisa ukuba kwi-2022, ukuveliswa kwe-praseodymium esetyenzisiweyo kunye neodymium kubalelwa kwi-42% yomthombo wesinyithi wepraseodymium kunye neodymium.Ngokwezibalo ezivela eShanghai Steel Union (300226. SZ), ukuveliswa kwenkunkuma ye-NdFeB e-China kuya kufikelela kwiitoni ze-70000 kwi-2022.
Kuyaqondwa ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nokuveliswa kweemveliso ezifanayo kwi-ore eluhlaza, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma enqabileyo yomhlaba kuneenzuzo ezininzi: iinkqubo ezimfutshane, iindleko eziphantsi, kunye nokunciphisa "inkunkuma emithathu".Isebenzisa ubuncwane ngokufanelekileyo, inciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo, yaye ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo ubuncwane bomhlaba obunqabileyo belizwe.
U-Liu Weihua, uMlawuli we-Huahong Technology (002645. SZ) kunye noSihlalo we-Anxintai Technology Co., Ltd., ubonise ukuba izixhobo ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisisiseko ziyimithombo ekhethekileyo.Ngexesha lemveliso ye-neodymium iron boron magnetic materials, malunga ne-25% ukuya kwi-30% yenkunkuma yekona yenziwa, kwaye itoni nganye ye-praseodymium kunye ne-neodymium oxide efunyenweyo ilingana neetoni ezingaphantsi kwe-10000 ze-ion ore yomhlaba enqabileyo okanye iitoni ezi-5 zomhlaba onqabileyo. intsimbi.
U-Liu Weihua ukhankanye ukuba isixa se-neodymium, i-iron, kunye ne-boron efunyenwe kwiimoto zombane ezinamavili amabini okwangoku idlula iitoni ezili-10000, kwaye ukuchithwa kwezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini kuya kunyuka kakhulu kwixesha elizayo."Ngokokubalo olungaphelelanga, uluhlu lwangoku lwezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini e-China malunga ne-200 yezigidi zeeyunithi, kwaye imveliso yonyaka yeemoto zombane ezinamavili amabini zimalunga ne-50 yezigidi zeeyunithi.Ngokuqiniswa kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, urhulumente uya kukhawulezisa ukupheliswa kwebhetri ye-lead-asidi iimoto ezinamavili amabini eziveliswe kwasekuqaleni, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ukuchithwa kwezithuthi zombane ezinamavili amabini kuya kwanda kakhulu kwixesha elizayo. "
“Kwelinye icala, urhulumente uyaqhubekeka ukucoca kunye nokulungisa iiprojekthi ezingekho mthethweni nezingahambelaniyo zokurisayikilisha komhlaba onqabileyo, kwaye uya kuwaphelisa amanye amashishini okurisayikilisha.Kwelinye icala, amaqela amakhulu kunye neemarike ezinkulu zibandakanyeka, zinika inzuzo yokhuphiswano ngakumbi.Ukusinda kwabanamandla kuya konyusa ngokuthe ngcembe imveliso, ”utshilo uLiu Weihua.
Ngokutsho kwentatheli evela kwi-Arhente yeNdaba ye-Cailian, ngoku kukho malunga nama-40 amashishini abandakanyekayo ekwahluleni i-neodymium, isinyithi, kunye ne-boron recycled imathiriyeli kwilizwe lonke, kunye nomthamo wemveliso ongaphezu kweetoni ezingama-60000 ze-REO.Phakathi kwazo, amashishini amahlanu aphezulu okurisayikilisha kushishino athatha phantse i-70% yomthamo wemveliso.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ishishini langoku le-neodymium iron boron recycling lifumana into ethi "reverse purchase and sales", oko kukuthi, ukuthenga okuphezulu kunye nokuthengisa okuphantsi.
U-Liu Weihua uthe ukusukela kwikota yesibini yalo nyaka uphelileyo, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe inkunkuma yomhlaba enqabileyo bekukwimeko ethe kratya, kuthintelwa ngamandla uphuhliso lweli shishini.NgokukaLiu Weihua, zithathu izizathu eziphambili zale nto: ukwanda okubalulekileyo komthamo wemveliso yamashishini okurisayikilisha, ukuhla kwemfuno yesiphelo, kunye nokwamkelwa kwemodeli yonxibelelaniso yesinyithi kunye nenkunkuma ngamaqela amakhulu ukunciphisa ukujikeleza kwemarike yenkunkuma. .
U-Liu Weihua ubonise ukuba umthamo okhoyo wokubuyisela umhlaba onqabileyo kwilizwe lonke ziitoni ezingama-60000, kwaye kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kujongwe ukwandisa umthamo malunga neetoni ezingama-80000, nto leyo ebangele ukomelela okukhulu."Oku kubandakanya inguqu yobugcisa kunye nokwandiswa komthamo okhoyo, kunye nomthamo omtsha weqela lomhlaba onqabileyo."
Ngokubhekiselele kwimarike yokuphinda kusetyenziswe umhlaba onqabileyo kulo nyaka, uWang Ji ukholelwa ukuba okwangoku, ii-odolo ezivela kwiinkampani zemagneti eziphathekayo azikaphucuki, kwaye ukwanda kokunikezelwa kwenkunkuma kulinganiselwe.Kulindeleke ukuba imveliso ye-oxide kwinkunkuma ayiyi kutshintsha kakhulu.
Umntu ongaphakathi kwishishini ongafuni kuchazwa igama uxelele i-Arhente yeNdaba yaseCailian ukuba "imigodi kunye nokuthengisa phantsi" kokuphinda kusetyenziswe umhlaba akuzinzileyo.Ngokuhla okuqhubekayo kwamaxabiso omhlaba anqabileyo, le nto kulindeleke ukuba iguqulwe.Intatheli evela kwi-Arhente ye-Cailian News yafunda ukuba okwangoku, i-Ganzhou Waste Alliance iceba ukuthenga ngokudibeneyo izinto eziluhlaza ngexabiso elithotyiweyo.“Kunyaka ophelileyo, izityalo ezininzi zenkunkuma zavalwa okanye zancitshiswa imveliso, kwaye ngoku izityalo ezilahlwayo zisengowona mbutho uphambili,” utshilo umzi-mveliso wangaphakathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-30-2023