Zirconium chloride, kwaziwa njengei-zirconium (IV) ikloridi or ZrCl4, yikhompawundi esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi.Yikristale emhlophe eqinileyo enefomula yemolekyuli yeZrCl4kunye nobunzima bemolekyuli ye-233.09 g/mol.Zirconium chlorideiyasebenza kakhulu kwaye inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusuka kwi-catalyst kunye nokuhlanganiswa kweekhemikhali ukuya kwimveliso yeeseramics kunye neeglasi.Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga indlelai-zirconium chlorideyenziwe.
Udibaniso lwei-zirconium chlorideibandakanya ukusabela phakathii-zirconium oxideokanye isinyithi se-zirconium kunye ne-hydrogen chloride.Zirconia (ZrO2) isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengento yokuqala ngenxa yokufumaneka kunye nokuzinza.Ukusabela kunokuqhutywa phambi kwe-arhente yokunciphisa njengekhabhoni okanye i-hydrogen ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwai-zirconium oxide intointsimbi ye-zirconium.
Ekuqaleni,zirconiaixutywe ne-arhente yokunciphisa kwaye ifakwe kwisitya sokusabela.Irhasi yeHydrogen chloride ke ingeniswe kwinqanawa yokusabela, ibangela ukusabela ukuba kwenzeke.Ukusabela kusenokuba yingozi, oku kuthetha ukuba ikhupha ubushushu, kwaye kufuneka iqhutywe phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo ukunqanda naziphi na iingozi ezinokubakho.Ukusabela phakathii-zirconium oxidekunye ne-hydrogen chloride imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
ZrO2 + 4HCl → ZrCl4 + 2H2O
Ukusabela kudla ngokuqhutywa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwama-400 kunye nama-600 degrees Celsius, ukuqinisekisa uguqulo olupheleleyo.i-zirconium oxidekwii-zirconium chloride.Ukusabela kuqhubeka kude kube konkei-zirconium oxideiguqulwa ngokupheleleyo ibei-zirconium (IV) ikloridikunye namanzi.
Xa impendulo igqityiwe, umxube obangelwayo uyapholiswa kwayei-zirconium chlorideiyaqokelelwa.Nangona kunjalo,i-zirconium chloridengokuqhelekileyo ikhona kwifom ye-hydrated, oku kuthetha ukuba iqulethe iimolekyuli zamanzi kwi-crystal structure.Ukufumanai-anhydrous zirconium chloride, hydratedi-zirconium chlorideidla ngokufudunyezwa okanye ivacuum yomiswe ukususa iimolekyuli zamanzi.
Ubunyulu bei-zirconium chlorideibalulekile kwizicelo ezithile.Ngoko ke, amanyathelo angakumbi okucoca anokufuneka ukuze kususwe nakuphi na ukungcola okanye ukufuma.Iindlela zokucoca eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-sublimation, i-crystallization ye-fractional, kunye ne-distillation.Ezi ndlela zinokukhuphai-high-purity zirconium chloride, ebaluleke kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo aquka ombane kunye nezixhobo zenyukliya.
Ukushwankathela,i-zirconium chlorideidityaniswe kukusabela kwei-zirconium oxidekunye ne-hydrogen chloride.Le mpendulo ifuna iimeko ezilawulwayo kwaye idla ngokuqhutywa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.Isiphumoi-zirconium chloridengokuqhelekileyo ifunyenwe kwifom ye-hydrated, kunye namanyathelo ongezelelweyo afunekayo ukufumana i-anhydrous zirconium chloride.Iindlela zokuhlanjululwa zingasetyenziswa ukufumana ucocekoi-zirconium chloridekwizicelo ezithile.Imveliso yei-zirconium chlorideyinkqubo ebalulekileyo, eyenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-10-2023