Kwi-opera ye-space kaFrank Herbert ethi “Dunes”, into exabisekileyo yendalo ebizwa ngokuba “ngumxube weziqholo” inika abantu amandla okujonga kwindalo yonke ukuseka impucuko phakathi kweenkwenkwezi.Kubomi bokwenyani eMhlabeni, iqela leentsimbi zendalo ezibizwa ngokuba zii elementi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zenze ubuxhakaxhaka bale mihla bunokwenzeka.Imfuno yala macandelo aphambili Phantse zonke iimveliso ze-elektroniki zanamhlanje zikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Umhlaba onqabileyoukuhlangabezana namawaka eemfuno ezahlukeneyo-umzekelo, i-cerium isetyenziswa njenge-catalyst yokucoca ioli, ngelixagadoliniumibamba iineutron kwiireactors zenyukliya.Kodwa obona buchule bubalaseleyo kwezi zinto bukwi-luminescence kunye nemagnetism.
Sithembele kumhlaba onqabileyo ukufaka umbala kwiscreen sefowuni yethu ehlakaniphile, sebenzisa i-fluorescence ukubonisa ubunyani be-Euro banknotes, kunye nokudlulisa imiqondiso emazantsi olwandle ngeentambo zefiber optical.Zikwayimfuneko ekwenzeni ezinye zemagnethi ezinamandla nezithembekileyo kwihlabathi.Bavelisa amaza esandi kwii-headphones zakho, baphucula ulwazi lwedijithali esikhaleni, kwaye baguqule umkhondo wemijukujelwa yokukhangela eshushu.Umhlaba onqabileyo ukwakhuthaza uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yohlaza, njengamandla omoya kunye nezithuthi zombane, kwaye unokuvelisa amacandelo amatsha ekhompyuter yeQuantum.UStephen Boyd, usokhemisti kunye nomcebisi ozimeleyo, uthe, "Olu luhlu alupheli.Bakho kuyo yonke indawo
Umhlaba onqabileyo ubhekisa kwiLanthanide lutetium kunye ne14 element phakathi kwelanthanum kunyeiyttrium, ezihlala zivela kwidiphozithi efanayo kwaye zineempawu zeekhemikhali ezifana neLanthanide.Ezi zinyithi ezingwevu ukuya kwisilivere zidla ngokuba neplastiki kunye namanqaku anyibilikayo aphezulu kunye namanqaku abilayo.Amandla abo ayimfihlo alele kwii-electron zabo.Zonke iiathom zinenucleus engqongwe zii-electron, ezihlala kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-orbit.Ii-elektroni ezikwi-orbit ekude kakhulu kwi-nucleus yi-electron ye-Valence, ethatha inxaxheba kwiimpendulo zemichiza kwaye zenze iibhondi kunye nezinye ii-athom.
Uninzi lweLanthanide lunelinye iqela elibalulekileyo leelektroni, ezibizwa ngokuba yi "f-electrons", ezihlala kwindawo yegolide kufutshane ne-electron yeValence kodwa isondele kancinci kwinucleus.UAna de Bettencourt Dias, isazi samachiza kwiYunivesithi yaseNevada, eReno, wathi: “Zizi electron ezibangela iimpawu zemagnethi nezikhanyisa kwizinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba.”
Umhlaba onqabileyo liqela leeelementi ezili-17 (eziboniswe ngombala oblowu kwitheyibhile yeperiodic).Iseti engaphantsi yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yiLanthanide (lutetium, Lu, kunye nomgca okhokelwa ngulanthanumLa).Ilungu ngalinye liqulathe iqokobhe, elidla ngokuba nee-electron ze-f, nto leyo eyenza ezi elementi zibeneempawu zemagnethi nezikhanyayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-05-2023