(1)Izimbiwa zomhlaba ezinqabileyoiimveliso
Ubutyebi bomhlaba obunqabileyo baseTshayina abunabo oovimba abakhulu kuphela kunye neentlobo zezimbiwa ezipheleleyo, kodwa zikwasasazwa ngokubanzi kumaphondo angama-22 nakwimimandla kwilizwe lonke. Okwangoku, ezona zidipozithi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezigrunjwa kakhulu ziquka i-Baotou exutywe intsimbi ekrwada enqabileyo yomhlaba, i-ion adsorption enqabileyo yomhlaba ore emelwe yiJiangxi kunye neGuangdong, kunye ne-fluorocarbon ore emelwe nguMianning, eSichuan. Ngokuhambelanayo, ezona mveliso ziphambili ezinqabileyo zomhlaba nazo zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu: intsimbi ekrwada ye-fluorocarbon - i-monazite exutywe nentsimbi enqabileyo yomhlaba (i-Baotou enqabileyo yomhlaba i-concentrate), uhlobo lwe-ion esezantsi enqabileyo yomhlaba, kunye ne-fluorocarbon ore (umgodi waseSichuan)
(2) Iimveliso ze-metallurgical diluted
Ishishini lomhlaba elinqabileyo e-China likhula ngokuthe ngcembe, inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ikhonkco leshishini lihlala likhula, kwaye ubume boshishino kunye nesakhiwo semveliso zihlala zihlengahlengiswa. Okwangoku, iye yaba nengqiqo ngakumbi. Ucoceko oluphezulu kunye neemveliso zomhlaba omnye onqabileyo zifikelele kwisiqingatha somthamo wempahla yorhwebo, ngokusisiseko ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemarike zasekhaya nezangaphandle. Kwiimveliso zokucoca,iioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zezona mveliso
(3)Isinyithi esinqabileyo kunye ne-Alloys
Iintsimbi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kunye ne-alloys ekuqaleni zazisetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi-metallurgical kunye nemizi-mveliso yokwenziwa koomatshini. Kangangeminyaka emininzi, ishishini lesinyithi lomhlaba elinqabileyo laseTshayina lithembele kubutyebi balo bomhlaba obunqabileyo, iindleko eziphantsi zemveliso, kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokulungiswa kwetekhnoloji kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Ngokukodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokunyuka kwemfuno kwimarike yesicelo semveliso, imboni yesinyithi yomhlaba enqabileyo iphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye imveliso inyuke ngokukhawuleza.
Ukususela ngo-1980, ukusetyenziswa kwesinyithi esinqabileyo kwintsimi yezinto ezinqabileyo zokusebenza kuye kwaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Kwiminyaka yoo-1990, ngokunyuka ngokukhawuleza koshishino lolwazi lwe-elektroniki, ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-iron boron kunye nezinto ezinqabileyo zokugcina i-hydrogen emhlabeni zibonise ukukhula okuzinzile.
Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezisebenzayo ziye zabeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu kumgangatho weemveliso zentsimbi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba njengezinto ezibonakalayo zezinto ezinqabileyo ezisebenzayo zomhlaba. Ukuveliswa kwezinto zokugcina i-hydrogen ezinqabileyo zomhlaba kufuna ukusetyenziswa kweentsimbi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezixutywe kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-fluoride etyhidiweyo ye-electrolysis yokuvelisa ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu bemveliso. Ngokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kwentsimi yesicelo se-iron boron esisigxina ye-magnetic materials, isinyithi esilungiselelwe yindlela yokunciphisa i-calcium thermal iye yatshintshwa yintsimbi kunye ne-cobalt alloys eveliswa yinkqubo ye-fluoride etyhidiweyo ye-electrolysis yetyuwa. Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa i-electrolysis yetyuwa etyhidiweyo yenkqubo ye-nitride ithe ngokuthe ngcembe yaba bubuchwephesha obuqhelekileyo bokuvelisa isinyithi esinqabileyo somhlaba kunye ne-alloys ezisetyenziswa kwizinto ezinqabileyo ezisebenzayo zomhlaba.
(4) Ezinye iimveliso
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ezinoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza kwezi mveliso zingasentla, kukho izixhobo zokomisa umhlaba ezinqabileyo, izongezo ezisetyenziswa kwiipeyinti kunye neengubo, izinzisi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kunye nezimo ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, kunye nokuguqulwa kokuguga kweeplastiki, inayiloni, njl. Ngokuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezintsha zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, Ububanzi besicelo sabo siyakhula, kwaye imarike nayo ikhula rhoqo.
笔记
Ixesha lokuposa: May-10-2023