Umlingo onqabileyo womhlaba onqabileyo i-erbium

I-erbium, inombolo yeatomic 68, ibekwe kumjikelo wesi-6 wetafile ye-Chemical Chemical, I-Lanthanaide (I-LATAYHYID) Inombolo ye-11, Isisindo se-Atomic 167.26, kwaye igama lezinto livela kwindawo efunyanwayo yeJetrim Sour.

I-erbiuminomxholo we-0.000247% kwi-crust kwaye ifunyanwa uninziumhlaba onqabileyoiiminerali. Ikhona kumatye e-IGneaus kwaye inokufunyanwa yi-electrolysis kunye nokunyibilika kwe-ERCL3. I-quaxists kunye nezinye izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo emhlabeni eYttrium phosphate kunye nemnyamaumhlaba onqabileyoIidipozithi zegolide.

Ionicumhlaba onqabileyoIiminerali: Jiangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, njlx, njl.njl. Phosphorus yttrium ore: Malaysia, Guangxi, Guangdong, China. I-Monazite: Iindawo zonxweme zase-Australia, iindawo ezingaselunxwemeni zaseAustrali, i-India, i-guangdong, iChina, nakwiindawo zonxweme zaseTaiwan.

Ukufumanisa imbali

Ifunyenwe ngo-1843

Inkqubo yokufumanisa: ifunyenwe ngu-CG Mousander ngo-1843. Kwangoko wabiza i-oxia ye-oxium ye-erbim i-oxide, kunjalo ekuqaleni koncwadi,I-Terbim Oxidekwayei-erbim oxideixutywe. Kwakungekho kwada kwamva kwe-1860 olo lungisa lwalunyanzelekile.

Ngexesha elifanayo kunye nokufunyanwa kwei-lanthanum, I-mossander ihlalutya kwaye yafunda i-Ytrium, yaye yapapasha ingxelo ngo-1842, icacisa ukuba uMhlaba wawufunyenweyo wawungafumani nto incinci, kodwa i-oxile yezinto ezintathu. Waxelela omnye wabo wazo i-Yttrim uMhlaba, kwaye enye yazo i-Erbia (i-erbiumUmhlaba). Isimboli ye-LISELWE YIYABONAKALISA NJENGOKO. Ukufunyanwa kwe-Erbium kunye nezinye izinto ezimbini,i-lanthanumkwayeI-Terbium, yavula ucango lwesibini ekufumaneniumhlaba onqabileyoIzinto, ukumakisha inqanaba lesibini lokufumanisa kwabo. Ukufunyanwa kwabo kukufunyanwa kwabathathuumhlaba onqabileyoIzinto emva kwezinto ezimbinii-ceriumkwayeyttrium.

Isimo se-elektronte

Ulwakhiwo lwe-elektroniki:

I-1s2 2s2 2P6 3s2 3P6 4P6 4s2 3D10 4P6 5s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4S2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2 4s2

Amandla okuqala e-Iorsis yi-6.10 elektroniki golts. Iipropathi zekhemikhali kunye nezomzimba ziphantse zafana ne-Holmium kunye ne-dysprosium.

I-isotopes ye-erbium ibandakanya: 162er, 164er, 166er, 167Antathu, i-168er, i-170er, i-170er, i-170er, i-170er, i-170er.

Intsimbi

I-erbiumNgaba isinyithi esimhlophe esimhlophe, uthambile kwi-thung, incobile emanzini kwaye inyibilikiswe kwii-AIDD. Iityuwa kunye nee-oxides zipinki ukuba zibomvu ngombala. Inqaku lokunyibilika inqaku le-1529 ° C, inqaku lokubila 2863 ° C, uxinzelelo 9.006 g / cm ³.

I-erbiumNgaba i-antiferromagnetic kwiqondo eliphantsi lamaqondo obushushu, i-ferromagnetic isondele kakhulu kwi-zero, kwaye i-supercontuctor.

I-erbiumihamba kancinci i-moya kunye namanzi kubushushu begumbi, kubangela umbala obomvu we-rose.

Isicelo:

I-oxide yayoEr2o3ngumbala obomvu oqhelekileyo osetyenziselwa ukwenza umbungu ovuthiweyo.I-erbim oxideisetyenziswa kumzi-mveliso we-ceramic ukuvelisa i-enamel yepinki.

I-erbiumUnezicelo ezithile kushishino lwenyukliya kwaye unokusetyenziswa njengenxalenye ye-alloy kwezinye izinyithi. Umzekelo, ukudlelai-erbiumKwi-dadium enokuphucula ixesha layo.

Okwangoku, eyona nto ibalulekileyoi-erbiumukwimveliso yei-erbiumI-Doped Fiber Amplifies (Edfas). I-fiber ye-fiber amplifier (Edfa) yaqala yaphuhliswa yiDyunivesithi yase-Southampton ngo-1985. Yeyona nto iphambili kunxibelelwano lwefibre ohambayo ngolwazi olude lwanamhlanje.I-erbiumI-fiber ye-Deped i-fiber yeyona nto iphambili ngokuphosa i-amplifier yenani elincinci lezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba (i-erlo3 +) kwi-fiber ye-fiber. Ukucola amashumi ukuya kumakhulu e-ERMM ye-erbium kwiintsinga ze-pheging kunokuhlawula ilahleko yokuphuma kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano.I-erbiumI-Amphed ye-fiber Amphaishe ifana ne "Isikhululo sokumpompa" sokukhanya, sivumela imiqondiso ye-thessical ukuba idluliselwe ngaphandle kwe-chaling kwisikhululo, ngokucokisekileyo ngokuhambelana nonxibelelwano oluphezulu.

Enye i-hotspot yesicelo yei-erbiumI-laser, ingakumbi njengempahla ye-laser yezonyango.I-erbiumI-Laser yi-chalse yomeleleyo-i-pulse ye-willse enama-2940nm, enokuthathwa ngamandla ziimolekyuli zamanzi kwizicubu zabantu, kufezekisa iziphumo ezinokubakho ngamandla amancinci. Inokusika ngokuchanekileyo, igaya, kwaye ithethelele izicubu ezithambileyo. I-ERBIm YAG LARS ikwasetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwekati.I-erbiumIzixhobo ze-laser i-laser ivula imihlaba eyandayo yokuhlela i-laser utyando.

I-erbiumIngasetyenziswa njenge-ion yokuqhuba i-ion ye-iscound yomhlaba onqabileyo.I-erbiumIzixhobo ze-laser Bayf5: yb3 +, I-ER3 + inokuguqula ukukhanya kwe-infrared ibe kukhanya okubonakalayo, kwaye le mibandela ye-Multippeces i-Multiccetion Sumiccetion isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwizixhobo zombono ebusuku.