Umthombo: I-Azo iMigodi

Yintoni izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba kwaye zifunyanwa phi?

Izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo (reees) ziqulathe izinto ezili-17 zentsimbi, ezenziwe nge-15 Lanthanides kwitafile yexesha:

I-lanthanum

I-cerium

I-Praseodziyoium

I-Neodmium

Promelethium

I-Sarium

I-Europium

IGadilinium

I-Terbium

Dysprosium

IHolmium

I-erbium

Gulium

Ytterbium

I-iTetium

Isikali

Yttrium

Uninzi lwazo alupheleli njengoko igama leqela libonisa kodwa labizwa ngegama ngenkulungwane ye-18 neye-19, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo "zomhlaba ezifana ne-lime kunye neMagnesia.

I-Cerium yeyona ndulelo ixhaphakileyo kwaye ikhulu ngakumbi kunobhedu okanye lukhokele.

Nangona kunjalo, kwimigaqo yejoyine, i-rees ayifane ifumaneke kwiidipozithi ezihlanganisiweyo njengokuthengiswa kwamalahle, umzekelo, zisenza zone zibe nzima kwawam.

Endaweni yoko banokufumaneka kwiintlobo ezine zetyeni ezingaphambili; carbonatites, which are unusual igneous rocks derived from carbonate-rich magmas, alkaline igneous settings, ion-absorption clay deposits, and monazite-xenotime-bearer placers deposits.

I-China Mindi i-95% yeeNdawo zoMhlaba ezinqabileyo zokwanelisa iimfuno zokuphila zeHi-Tech kunye namandla ahlaziyiweyo

Ukusukela ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990s, i-China ilawula ukuvelisa i-URE, isebenzisa i-ion ye-ion yayo yokufihla, eyaziwa ngokuba 'ngu-Chineys China China'.

Kungokuqoqosho eTshayina ukuba kwenziwe kuba i-Clay ilula ukuyikhupha i-rees ekusebenziseni i-acid ebuthathaka.

Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zisetyenziselwa zonke iintlobo zezixhobo ze-Hi-Tech, kubandakanya iikhompyuter, abadlali beDVD, iiselfowuni, kunye nezixhobo zomkhosi, ii-piber kunye nezixhobo zomkhosi, i-Shoplites, kunye nokuzikhusela.

Injongo yesiVumelwano seMozulu sika-2015 kukunciphisa umda we-windows jikelele kwi-2 ˚C, ngokukhethekileyo 1.5 ˚c, amanqanaba aphambi kwemisebenzi. Oku kunemfuno zamandla ahlaziyiweyo kunye neemoto zombane, ezikwafuna iRisi ukuze isebenze.

Ngo-2010, iChina ibhengeze izakunciphisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-ree kuthumelo ukuze iphumeze isimo sayo kwimfuno, kodwa ikwagcine isikhundla sayo esiphambili sokubonelela ngezinto ze-tek.

I-China ikwakwindawo eyomeleleyo yezoqoqosho ukulawula ukuhanjiswa kweempendulo ezifunekayo kumandla ahlaziyekayo anjengeephaneli zelanga, umoya, kunye nezithuthi zombane.

I-Phosthogerpspm ye-dirtilizer inqabile

Iphosphogypsim yimveliso ye-isichumisi kwaye iqulethe izinto zendalo zendalo ezifana ne-Urarium kunye ne-thorium. Ngesi sizathu, igcinwe ngokungenasiphelo, kunye nengozi ezinxulumene nokungcolisa umhlaba, umoya kunye namanzi.

Ke ngoko, abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yasePenn State, baye baqulunqa indlela esetyenziswa kwi-peptides ye-Inoino Acids enokuthi ichonge ngokuchanekileyo kwaye yahlulahlula i-tesgrane ephucukileyo.

Njengoko iindlela zokwahlulahlulahlulo zingonelanga, iprojekthi ijolise ekufumaneni ubuchwephesha amatsha ezahluli, izixhobo kunye neenkqubo.

Uyilo lukhokelwa yimodeli yeComputer, ephuhliswe nguRakel Getman, umphenyi oyintloko kunye noprofesa odibeneyo weCosson, kunye ne-Christie Muchine Donner, ephuhlisa iimolekyuli eziya kuthi zenze i-lest.

IGreverlee iya kujonga indlela abaziphatha ngayo emanzini kwaye iya kuvavanya ifuthe lokusingqongileyo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho phantsi koyilo oluguquguqukayo kunye neemeko zokusebenza.

I-Primory Injingalwazi yePhezulu Lauren Greenlee, ithi: "Namhlanje, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngama-200,000 iitoni izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zivalelwe kwinkunkuma engafakwanga kwi-Flophoim ye-Florida kuphela."

Iqela lichonga ukuba ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunxulunyaniswa nezithintelo zendalo kunye nezithintelo zoqoqosho, apho zifunyanwa khona ngoku zikwizixhobo ezihlanganisiweyo, ezifuna ukutshiswa kwefosili yefosili kwaye zibanzi

Iprojekthi entsha iya kugxila ekubambaneni ngendlela ezinzileyo kwaye inokuqaliswa kwinqanaba elikhulu kwizibonelelo zokusingqongileyo nezoqoqosho.

Ukuba iprojekthi iphumelele, inokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwe-USA e-China ngokubonelela ngezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba.

Inkxaso-mali yeSizwe yeProjekthi yeSizwe

Iprojekthi ye-Penn Ree Ree ixhaswa ngesibonelelo seminyaka emine ye- $ 571,658, iyonke yezigidi, kwaye yintsebenziswano neYunivesithi yaseClemsson.

Iindlela ezizezinye zokufumana izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba

Ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwenziwa rhoqo kusetyenziswa imisebenzi yamancinci, edla ngokukhutshelwa ngokukhupha kunye nokukhupha i-Solvent.

Nangona inkqubo elula, ukubonda kufuna ubungakanani obukhulu beekhemikhali zekhemikhali ezinobungozi, kunjalo azifunekanga.

Ukukhupha i-Solvent yindlela efanelekileyo kodwa ayisebenzi kakhulu kuba ingabasebenzi kwaye ichitha ixesha.

Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokufumana i-rees ukuba ibuyiselwe njenge-e-min, equka ukuthuthwa kwenkunkuma ye-elektroniki, ezinje ngeekhompyuter, kwiifowuni, kunye nomabonwakude ovela kwi-China ukuze ikhuphe i-china.

Ngokwenkqubo ye-UN, ingaphezulu kwe-53 yezigidi zeetoni ze-Inkunkuma yenziwa ngo-2019, malunga ne-57 yeebhiliyoni ezingama-57 zeedola ezineendawo ezinobukhulu obunezibonelelo kunye nezinyithi.

Nangona wayehlala etyhafile ngendlela ezizinzileyo yokuphinda isebenze, ayikho ngaphandle kweseti yalo yeengxaki ezisafuna ukoyiswa.

I-ADERRIM ifuna indawo eninzi yokugcina, iRecrecling izityalo, inkunkuma yokugcwalisa umhlaba emva kokubuyela kwakhona, kwaye ibandakanya iindleko zothutho, ezifuna ukutshisa iifosili zefosili.

Iprojekthi yeYunivesithi yePenn inamandla okuzoyisa ezinye zeengxaki ezinxulumene neendlela zokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo ukuba zinokwanelisa iinjongo zalo zokusingqongileyo nezoqoqosho.

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I-Post Tight: Jul-04-2022