Ikamva lifikile, kwaye abantu baye ngokuthe ngcembe basondela kuluntu oluluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi.Umhlaba onqabileyoizinto zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudalweni kwamandla omoya, iimoto zamandla amatsha, iirobhothi ezikrelekrele, ukusetyenziswa kwehydrogen, ukukhanya okonga umbane, kunye nokucocwa kombhobho.
Umhlaba onqabileyoligama elihlangeneyo leentsimbi ezili-17, kuqukaiyttrium, scandium, kunye ne-15 lanthanide element. I-motor ye-drive yeyona nto iphambili yeerobhothi ezikrelekrele, kwaye umsebenzi wayo odibeneyo uphunyezwa ikakhulu yimoto yokuqhuba. Imagnethi esisigxina ye-servo motors zezona ziphambili, zifuna amandla aphezulu kumlinganiselo wobunzima kunye ne-torque inertia ratio, i-torque yokuqala ephezulu, inertia ephantsi, kunye noluhlu olubanzi nolugudileyo lwesantya. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-neodymium iron boron imagnethi esisigxina inokwenza intshukumo yerobhothi ibe lula, ikhawuleze, kwaye yomelele ngakumbi.
Kukho ezininzi izicelo ezinekhabhoni ephantsiimihlaba enqabileyokwibala leemoto lemveli, elinje ngeglasi yokupholisa, ukucocwa kombhobho, kunye neenjini zemagnethi ezisisigxina. Ixesha elide,i-cerium(Ce) isetyenziswe njengesongezo kwiglasi yemoto, engathinteli kuphela imitha yeultraviolet kodwa ithobe ubushushu ngaphakathi emotweni, ngaloo ndlela igcina umbane womoya opholileyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukucoca igesi yokukhupha. Okwangoku, inani elikhului-ceriumiiarhente zokucocwa kwerhasi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zithintela ngokufanelekileyo isixa esikhulu segesi yokukhupha isithuthi ukuba siphume emoyeni. Zininzi izicelo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo kwiiteknoloji eziluhlaza ezinekhabhoni ephantsi.
Umhlaba onqabileyozisetyenziswa kakhulu kuba zineempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-thermoelectric, magnetic, kunye ne-optical. Ulwakhiwo olukhethekileyo lwe-elektroniki lunika izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezineempawu ezityebileyo nezinemibala, ngakumbi ukusukela okoumhlaba onqabileyoizinto zine-4f electron sublayer, ngamanye amaxesha kwaziwa ngokuba "inqanaba amandla". I-4f electron sublayer ayinawo amanqanaba amangalisayo esi-7 kuphela, kodwa inamagquma amabini okukhusela "inqanaba lamandla" e-5d kunye ne-6 kwi-periphery. La manqanaba esi-7 amandla afana noonodoli bedayimane yegourd, eyohlukeneyo kwaye enika umdla. Ii-elektroni ezingasebenziyo kumanqanaba asixhenxe amandla azijikelezi ngokwazo kuphela, kodwa zikwajikeleza i-nucleus, zivelisa amaxesha ahlukeneyo emagnethi kunye nokuvelisa oomazibuthe abaneezembe ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ndawo zinezibuthe ezincinci zixhaswa ziziqwenga ezimbini zokhuselo, zizenza zibe yimagnethi kakhulu. Izazinzulu zisebenzisa umazibuthe wesinyithi somhlaba onqabileyo ukwenza iimagnethi ezisebenza kakhulu, ezifinyeziweyo “njengemagnethi yomhlaba esisigxina”. Iimpawu ezingaqondakaliyo zeimihlaba enqabileyozisaphononongwa kwaye zifunyenwe zizazinzulu kude kube namhlanje.
Imagnethi encamathelayo ye-neodymium inomsebenzi olula, ixabiso eliphantsi, ubungakanani obuncinci, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kunye nemagnethi ezinzile. Zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kumacandelo anje ngetekhnoloji yolwazi, i-automation yeofisi, kunye ne-elektroniki yabathengi. Imagnethi ye-neodymium ecinezelweyo eshushu ineengenelo zoxinaniso oluphezulu, ukuqhelaniswa okuphezulu, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokutya, kunye nokunyanzeliswa okuphezulu.
Kwixesha elizayo, umhlaba onqabileyo uya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokwakha ubukrelekrele bekhabhoni ephantsi kuluntu.
Umthombo: Science Population China
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-24-2023