Lutetiumyinto enqabileyo yomhlaba enqabileyo enamaxabiso aphezulu, oovimba abancinci, kunye nosetyenziso oluncinci. Ithambile kwaye iyanyibilika kwiiasidi ezixubileyo, kwaye inokusabela kancinci emanzini.
I-isotopes ezenzeke ngokwemvelo ziquka i-175Lu kunye nesiqingatha sobomi be-2.1 × 10 ^ iminyaka eyi-10 ubudala β Emitter 176Lu. Yenziwe ngokunciphisa i-Lutetium(III) fluoride LuF ∨ · 2H ₂ O nge-calcium.
Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kunjenge-catalyst ye-petroleum cracking, i-alkylation, i-hydrogenation, kunye ne-polymerization reactions; Ukongeza, iLutetium tantalate ingasetyenziswa njengesixhobo se-X-ray fluorescent powder; I-177Lu, iradionuclide, ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga amathumba.
Ukufumana iMbali
Ifunyenwe ngu: G. Urban
Yafunyanwa ngo-1907
I-Lutetium yahlulwa kwi-ytterbium ngusokhemisti waseFransi u-Ulban ngo-1907 kwaye yayiyinto enqabileyo yomhlaba eyafunyanwa yaze yaqinisekiswa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20. Igama lesiLatini le-lutetium livela kwigama lakudala laseParis, eFransi, indawo yokuzalwa yase-Urban. Ukufunyanwa kwe-lutetium kunye nenye into enqabileyo yomhlaba i-europium igqibe ukufunyanwa kwazo zonke izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezikhoyo kwindalo. Ukufunyaniswa kwabo kunokuthathwa njengokuvula isango lesine lokufunyanwa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba kunye nokugqibezela inqanaba lesine lokufunyanwa kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba.
Ubume be-electron
Amalungiselelo ombane:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d1
I-Lutetium yintsimbi emhlophe yesilivere, eyona ntsimbi inzima kwaye ixinene phakathi kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba; Indawo yokunyibilika 1663 ℃, indawo yokubilisa 3395 ℃, ingxinano 9.8404. I-Lutetium izinzile emoyeni; I-Lutetium oxide yikristale engenambala enyibilikayo kwiiasidi ukuze yenze iityuwa ezingenambala ezihambelanayo.
I-metallic luster yomhlaba enqabileyo i-lutetium iphakathi kwesilivere kunye nentsimbi. Umxholo wokungcola unempembelelo enkulu kwiipropati zabo, ngoko ke kukho ukungafani okuphawulekayo kwiimpawu zabo zomzimba kwiincwadi.
I-Metal yttrium, i-gadolinium, kunye ne-lutetium zinokumelana ne-corrosion eyomeleleyo kwaye zinokugcina i-metallic luster yazo ixesha elide.
Isicelo
Ngenxa yobunzima bemveliso kunye namaxabiso aphezulu, ilutetium ineendlela ezimbalwa zokurhweba. Iipropati ze-lutetium azohlukanga kakhulu kwezinye iintsimbi ze-lanthanide, kodwa oovimba bayo bancinci, ngoko ke kwiindawo ezininzi, ezinye iintsimbi ze-lanthanide zidla ngokusetyenziswa endaweni ye-lutetium.
I-Lutetium ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, ezifana ne-Lutetium aluminium alloy ingasetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lwe-Neutron activation. I-Lutetium ingasetyenziselwa njenge-catalyst ye-petroleum cracking, i-alkylation, i-hydrogenation, kunye ne-polymerization reactions. Ukongeza, i-doping lutetium kwezinye iikristale ze-laser ezifana ne-Yttrium aluminium garnet inokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo kwe-laser kunye nokufana kwamehlo. Ukongeza, i-lutetium ingasetyenziselwa iiphosphors: I-Lutetium tantalate yeyona nto imhlophe icwebileyo eyaziwayo ngoku, kwaye yeyona nto ifanelekileyo kwi-X-ray phosphors.
I-177Lu yiradionuclide yokwenziwa, enokuthi isetyenziswe kwiradiotherapy yamathumba.
I-Lutetium oxidedoped cerium yttrium lutetium silicate crystal
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-26-2023