Inqaku lomhlaba elinqabileyo loMlingo: "Kumkani womlingane osisigxina" -imodyum

I-BOSTNASIte

I-neodiyoum, inombolo yeatomic 60, ubunzima beatomic 144.24, ngomxholo we-0.00239% kwi-Crust, ubukhulu becala kukho eMonazine neBestnaete. Kukho isotopes esisixhenxe kwindalo: I-Neduliyoum 142, 143, 144, 145, 148, 148, 148, phakathi kwe-Neodmium 142 inowona mxholo uphakamileyo. Ngokuzalwa kwe-rasehedymuum, ne-nedimium yangena. Ukufika kwe-neodiyoum kwenza intsimi yomhlaba onqabileyo kwaye idlale indima ebalulekileyo kuyo.

Ukufunyanwa kwe-neodiyoum

I-Karl Orvon Welsbach (1858-1929), I-Idaredium

Ngo-1885, i-Austrian Chemist Carl Orlbach I-Carl Auer Von Welnach ifunyenwe ne-neienna. Wahlula ne-neodiyoum kunye ne-rasehedymuum evela kwizixhobo ze-neodium ne-syremetric ne-I-Amonium ye-Amomoium ye-Amoraium ye-witric acid, kodwa kwaoko zahlukane nohlalutyo olubonakalayo de kwangowe-1925.

Ukususela ngo-1950s, i-neodium ephezulu (ngaphezulu kwe-99%) yayifunyenwe yinkqubo yokutshintshiselana nge-ion yeMonazite. Isinyithi ngokwayo sifunyanwa ngokutsala ityuwa yayo yetyuwa. Okwangoku, uninzi lwe-neodimium lukhutshelwa (CE, LE, i-ND, PR) i-CO3F eBastanite kwaye ihlanjululwe ngu-Solvent. Indawo yokuCoca i-ion yotshintshiselwano olunqabileyo oluphezulu (ngesiqhelo> 99.99%) Ukulungiselela itekhnoloji ye-raseodymium ngexesha le-1930s inombala omnyama obomvu okanye orenji ngakumbi.

I-neodiyoum yentsimbi

I-METALLIC I-neodic ne-metallic ye-metallic, indawo enyibilikayo ye-1024 ° C, uxinzelelo lwe-7.004 g / cm, kunye neparamnetism. I-neodiyoum yenye yezona zinyithi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, ezihamba kancinci kwaye zimnyama emoyeni, emva koko zibumba i-oxiden, emva koko iphose intsimbi yokuqhubela phambili i-oxidation. Ke ngoko, isampulu-yi-neodium ngesayizi yesentimitha enye igcwele i- Iphendula kancinci emanzini abandayo kwaye ngokukhawuleza emanzini ashushu.

Ukucwangciswa kwe-neodmium ye-neodmium

Uqwalaselo lwe-elektroniki:

I-1s2 2s2 2P6 I-3S2 3P6 4P6 4s2 3D10 4P6 5S2 4s2 4s2

Intsebenzo ye-laser ye-neoresium ibangelwa yinguqu ye-Elebital ye-4F eziphakathi kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo amandla. Le mpahla yase-laser isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunxibelelwano, ukugcinwa kolwazi, unyango lwezonyango, oct, njl. Njl.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-neodiyoum

Owona msebenzisi mkhulu we-neodimium yi-NDFEG ye-wignet isisigxina. IMagnet Gamber ibizwa ngokuba yi "ngukumkani osisigxina" ngenxa yemveliso yamandla ayo ephezulu. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-elektroniki, oomatshini kunye namanye amashishini ngokusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo. Udonga lukaFrancis, unjingalwazi wemigodi esetyenzisiweyo kwiSikolo seCumberland School, iYunivesithi yase-UK, yathi: "Ngokwenyani kuphuhliso lwe-alphatic ye-nurenetic e-NDFEB ingene kwinqanaba lehlabathi.

I-Neodming Magnet kwi-hard disk

I-neodiyoum ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-ceramics, iglasi efudumeleyo, iruby ye-erby eLaser kunye neglasi ekhethekileyo enokutshiza i-filter. Isetyenziswe kunye ne-raseodymium yokwenza amaglasi kwiglasi.

Ukongeza i-1.5% ~ 2.5% I-Nano Neodmium Oxide kwi-magnesium okanye i-Aluminium Alloy inokuphucula umsebenzi wobushushu, i-aluminium ye-Aluminium inokuphucula umsebenzi weqondo lokusebenza, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengempahla ye-aerossoce ye-aerossation.

I-Nano-Ytttrium Alumnum Gamnet ene-Nano-Neodymium oxide ivelisa i-wawer ye-waves emfutshane, esetyenziselwa ukusika i-welding ephantsi kwe-10mm kwimveliso.

I-ND: YAG Laser Rod

Kunyango lwezonyango, i-nano yttrium aluminum parnet larned kunye ne-nano offitium oxide isetyenziselwa ukususa amanxeba okanye inxeba lokubulala intsholongwane endaweni yoko.

Iglasi ye-neodiyoum yenziwa ngokongeza i-neredium oxide kwiglasi inyibilike. I-lavender ihlala ivela kwiglasi ye-neodiyoum phantsi kwelanga okanye isibane se-incandescent, kodwa ukukhanya kwe-Blue kubonakala phantsi kokukhanyisa i-Fluorescent Lawa. I-Neodmium ingasetyenziselwa imibala emibi yeglasi yeglasi enjenge-violet ecocekileyo, iwayini ibomvu kwaye ishushu.

Iglasi ye-neodiyoum

Ngophuhliso lwesayensi kunye netekhnoloji kunye nokwandiswa kunye nokongezwa kwesayensi yomhlaba onqabileyo kunye netekhnoloji, i-neodimium iya kuba nendawo yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi