Inqaku 56: I-Barium

1, IntshayeleloIbanga,
I-Alkaline Yerth Into yentsimbi, isimboli yekhemikhali ye-IIA ye-IIA yeTafile yesithandathu yetafile. Yintsimbi ye-alkali ene-alkali ene-alkaline ye-alkali kunye neyona nto isebenzayo kwi-Alkaline yomhlaba. Igama lokuphakama livela kwigama lesiGrike le-Beta Alfa ρύς (i-barys), ethetha "inzima".

2, Ukufumana imbali emfutshane
Sulfides of alkaline earth metals exhibit phosphorescence, meaning they continue to emit light for a period of time in the dark after being exposed to light. I-Barium Compages iqala ukutsala umdla wabantu ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yolu phawu. Ngo-1602, i-Shoemaker ebizwa ngokuba yiCasio Lauro kwiSixeko saseBologna, e-Itali, sayifaka i-barium enesihlwitha esinebhanti kunye nezinto ezinokutsha kwaye ivuse umdla wabafundi ngelo xesha. Emva kwexesha, olu hlobo lwamatye lwalubizwa ngokuba yiPolonite kwaye lwavuselela umdla weengcali ze-Europe ePhepha loPhando. Ngo-1774, uSweden waseSweden CW S Schele wafumanisa ukuba i-Barium Oxim ingumhlaba omtsha, owawubiza ngokuba ngu "Baryta" (umhlaba onzima). Ngo-1774, uSchedler wayekholelwa ukuba eli litye liyindibaniselwano yomhlaba omtsha (oxide) kunye ne-sulfuric acid. Ngo-1776, walanda i-nitrate kweli dolomni intsha ukuba afumane umhlaba ococekileyo (oxide). Ngo-1808, iBritish Chemist H. I-Davy isebenzise i-methode kunye neplatinam njenge-anode kwi-anode kwi-anode kwi-Ancrolyze Annelly Emva kokuhlukanisa ukususa i-mercury, intsimbi ecocekileyo ephantsi yafunyanwa yaze yabizwa emva kwegama lesiGrike le-Bersings (inzima). Isimboli ye-LIST isetiwe njenge-BA, ebizwayoibanga.

I-3, iipropathi zomzimba
IbangaNgaba yintsimbi yesilivere emhlophe enendawo yokunyibilikisa engama-725 ° C, indawo yokubila ye-1846 ° C, uxinzelelo lwe-3.51G / cm3, kunye nokuhamba. Ii-ores eziphambili ze-barium yi-barite kunye ne-arsenoprite.

4,Ibangayinto yekhemikhali kunye neepropathi zekhemikhali.
Isimboli yekhemikhali Ba, inombolo yeatomic 56, yeyokwesistim ye-IIa ye-IIA kwaye lilungu le-Alkaline yomhlaba. I-Barium inomsebenzi omnandi wekhemikhali kwaye yeyona isebenza kakhulu phakathi kwezinyithi zaseAlkaline zomhlaba. Ukusuka kumandla anokubakho kunye namandla okunyanzeliswa, kunokubonwa ukuba ibanga linokuphumelela. Ngapha koko, ukuba kuphela ekuthatheni ilahleko ye-elektroni yokuqala, ibarrium inezinto ezomeleleyo emanzini. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima kakhulu kwi-barium ukuphulukana ne-elektroni yesibini. Ke ngoko, uqwalasele zonke izinto, ukuncipha kwesibari kuya kuncipha kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, le yenye yezona zinto zisebenzayo kwi-acidic solutions, okwesibini kuphela kwi-lithium, iCesium, iRubidium, kunye nePotassium.

Imingxunya ye-5.Main
1). I-Barium oxide kancinci kancinci emoyeni ukuba ibe yi-birium oxide, eyi-thestule ye-cuige. Inyibilikiswe inyibilikisi, i-insolble eAcetone kunye ne-ammonia amanzi. Ukuphendula ngamanzi ukwenza i-birium hydroxide, enetyhefu. Xa sele itshisiwe, ikhupha idangatye eliluhlaza kwaye livelise i-Barium Peroxide.
2). I-Barium Poroxide inza i-sulfuric acid ukuvelisa i-hydrogen peroxide. Le mpendulo isekwe kumgaqo-siseko wokulungiselela i-hydrogen peroxide kwilabhoratri.
3). I-Barium hydroxide iphinda iphinde ivelise amanzi ukuvelisa i-barium hydroxide negesi ye-hydrogen. Ngenxa yomhlaba ophantsi we-barium hydroxide kunye namandla ayo aphezulu, indlela awasabela ngayo ayingobangelwa zintsimbi ze-alkali, kwaye i-Hoindim yeBari ekhawulezayo iya kuyicingela imbono. Isixa esincinci se-carbon diokside saziswa kwisisombululo sokwenza i-barbonate ye-Barium Carbonate, kwaye i-carbon diokcon ye-carbonate iphinde yaziswa njengeyona nto inyibilikisi kwaye ivelise i-bicarblonate yebhafu yebharithi.
4). I-Amino Barium inokunyibilikisa kwi-ammonia yolwelo, ivelisa isisombululo esiluhlaza kunye ne-paramagnetism kunye ne-Ammonia elemetrons. Emva kwethuba elide lokugcina, i-hydrogen e-Ammonia iya kuncitshiswa igesi ye-Ammonia yi-Ammonia Electrons, kwaye ukuphendula i-barium gestias ngegesi ye-Amino.
5). I-Barium Sulfite yi-crystal emhlophe okanye i-powder, enetyhefu, inyibilikisiwe emanzini, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe yangqungqa kwi-barium yesalfate xa ibekwe emoyeni. Inyibilikiswe kwi-Acid enganyanzelekanga njenge-hydrochloric acid ukuvelisa igesi dioxide dioxide nge-odor ye-pupgent. Xa udibana ne-axid acid njenge-dilute witric acid, inokuguqulwa ibe yi-barium sulfate.
6). I-Barium ye-Balium ineepropathi ezizinzileyo zeekhemikhali, kunye nenxalenye ye-barium ye-barium ye-bali echithiwe emanzini i-Ierpored ngokupheleleyo, iyenza ibe yi-electrolyte eyomeleleyo. I-Barium ye-Ballium ye-Inforfate ye-dilute nitric acid. Ikakhulu isetyenziswa njenge-gastrointestinal yearhente.
I-Barium Carbonate iyityhefu kwaye phantse ingena-influzi emanzini. Inika ingxelo ye-sodium ye-sodium ivelise i-insolflete emhlophe ngakumbi ye-barium ye-barfate-Imbonakalo yokuguqula phakathi kwesisombululo esinamandla: Kulula ukuguqula ulwalathiso olungenamsebenzi.

6, amasimi esetyenziswayo
1. Isetyenziselwa iinjongo zemizi-mveliso ekuvelisweni kweetyuwa zerium, izabelo, izinto zokucima umlilo, i-Nelt. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-alloys, kubandakanya ukukhokela, i-calcium, i-calcoum, i-sodium, i-lithium, ialuminium, kunye ne-neckel alloys. Intsimbi yesinyithi ingasetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokufumana amandla ukuba isuse igesi ukusuka kwi-vacus ye-vacum kunye ne-cathode tubes, kunye ne-arhente yokufumana amandla ukuze isebenze. I-Barium Niture ixutywe ne-potassium chlorate, i-magnesium powder, kwaye iRosin inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza iiflethi zomqondiso kunye nomlilo. Iikhomputha zebhanti ezinyibilikayo zisetyenziswa njengezixhobo, ezinje nge-barium chloride, ukulawula izinambuzane ezahlukeneyo zezityalo. Ingasetyenziselwa kwakhona ukucoca i-brine kunye namanzi e-boiler yemveliso ye-cheustic ye-cheustic soda. Isetyenziselwa ukulungisa imigangatho. Amashishini akwizikhumba kunye nezikhumba ziyisebenzisa njenge-morder kunye ne-arhente yokuthintela isilika yesilika.
I-2. I-Barium ye-Barium Sulfate yokusetyenziswa kwezonyango liyeza elincedisayo kwiimviwo ze-X-ray. I-odolm kwaye inomgubo omhlophe ongenakuthelekiswa nanto, into enokubonelela ngokwahlukileyo emzimbeni ngexesha loviwo lwe-X-ray. I-calfate yezonyango ye-Barium ayithanga kwi-gestrointenal tract kwaye ayibangeli i-allergic yokuphendula. Ayiqulatha iziqu ezinyibilikayo ezifana ne-barium chloride, i-barium sulfide, kunye ne-Barium Carbonate. Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukucinga nge-gestrointentinal, ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa ezinye iinjongo zoviwo

7, Indlela yokulungiselela
Ukuveliswa kwemveliso yeI-Metium Bariumyahlulwe yangamanyathelo amabini: Ukuveliswa kwe-Barium Oxide kunye nokuncitshiswa kwensimbi (i-Alumnum ye-Aluminium). Kwi-1000-1200 ℃,I-Metium Bariuminokufumaneka ngokunciphisa i-Barium Oxide i-Aluminiyam ye-Aluminiya, emva koko ihlanjululwe ngumsebenzi we-vacuum. Indlela yokuncitshiswa kwe-Aluminim ye-Aluminil ye-Alumrmal yokuvelisa ibambile: ngenxa yemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo yethanga, kunokubakho indlela ezimbini zokuphendula ukuncitshiswa kwe-aluminium oxide. Ukuphendula okuphelileyo: Zombini ezi zinto zinokuvelisa kuphela inani elincinci le-barium kwi-1000-1200 ℃. Ke ngoko, impompo yevacuum kufuneka isetyenziselwe ukuqhubeka nokudlulisela umphunga we-Barium kwindawo yokuphendula kwindawo yokubanda ye-proences ukuze iqhubekeke ukuya ngasekunene. Intsalela emva kokuphendula iyityhefu kwaye kufuneka inyangwe ngaphambi kokulahlwa