Isicwangciso-qhinga se-US esinqabileyo se-US kufuneka. . . Ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo ezithile zesizwe zezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba, ukulungiswa komhlaba okunqabileyo eUnited States kuya kuphinda kuqaliseke kwinkuthazo entsha kunye nokurhoxiswa kweendlela ezizezinye ze-minerals entsha ecocekileyo. Sifuna uncedo lwakho. - USekela-cam Samhli, u-Ellen Word, uMongameli weNkxaso-mali kaMoses, ngelixa echaza i-Trump ye-Words "echaza ukuba i-Trump ye-Wordy Specials ibalulekile kwi-China". Ukuvela ngequbuliso kongxamiseko kwizihloko ezingafakwanga kuxoxiwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kumele ukuba zakhwaza abantu abaninzi. Impendulo ebonakala iyimfihlakalo ilele ngokufikeleleka. Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba (i-RE) zinezinto ezili-17 ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-elektroniki ze-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo zezokhuseleko, kwaye zafunyanwa kuqala zasetyenziswa eUnited States. Nangona kunjalo, ukuveliswa ngokuthe ngcembe kutshintshela eChina, apho iindleko ezisezantsi zabasebenzi, zincitshiswe kwimpembelelo yokusingqongileyo, kunye nenkxaso-mali yesandla evela kwi-Akhawunti yeLizwe (PRC) ye-97% yemveliso yehlabathi. Ngo-1997, uMagniquenech, inkampani yasemhlabeni enqabileyo eUnited States, yathengiswa kwi-Consortium yoTyalo-mali, yathengiswa kwi-Consortium yoTyalo-mali ekhokelwa ngu-Archibald Cox (JR.), unyana womtshutshisi wegama elinye, amanzi. I-Consortium isebenze kunye neenkampani ezimbini zakwarhulumente. Inkampani yensimbi, izixhobo ezintsha zeSanhuan kunye ne-China ezingathandekiyo zokungenisa ngaphakathi kunye nokuthengisa ngaphandle kunye nokuthengisa ngaphandle. Usihlalo weSanhuan, unyana obhinqileyo wenkokeli ephezulu wanng xiaoping, waba ngusihlalo wenkampani. I-Magniquench yavalwa eUnited States, ifudukele eTshayina, kwaye iphinde ivulwe ngo-2003, ehambelana ne-deng xiaoping "yenkqubo ye-Super 863, kubandakanya" izinto ezingaqhelekanga. " Oku kwenza ukuba i-molycorp ishiye umvelisi we-United States de wawa ngo-2015. Unyaka ka-2010. NgoSeptemba waloo nyaka, isikhephe sokuloba saseTshayina saya kwiinqanawa ezimbini zaseJapan zaseJapan kwi-East East East Seaty. Urhulumente waseJapan wabhengeza injongo yakhe yokubeka umphathi wesikhephe sokuloba kwityala, kwaye urhulumente waseTshayina wathabatha amanyathelo athile, kubandakanya i-embargo kwintengiso yomhlaba onqabileyo eJapan. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwishishini laseJapan leJapan, oko kusongelwa kukukhula ngokukhawuleza kweemoto ezenziwe ngamaTshayina. Phakathi kwezinye izicelo, izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ziyinxalenye yokuNgena kwe-Injini ye-injini.china ithathiwe ngokwaneleyo ukuba i-United States yoRhwebo, i-WORule yaseYurophu iguqula ukuba i-China ingathinteli ekuthumeleni izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo. Nangona kunjalo, amavili ondlela ye-WTO ye-WTO ajika kancinci: isigwebo senziwa de kube seminyaka emine kamva. ICandelo lase-China leMicimbi yangaphandle lalila ukuba libeke i-EARGO, isithi i-china ifuna izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zokuphuhlisa amashishini ayo aphuhlisayo. Oku kunokuba ngokuchanekileyo: ngo-2005, i-China yayithintele impahla kuthunyelo, ibangela i-pentagon malunga nokunqongophala kwezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Ukupheliswa kweMolycorp kukwabonisa ulawulo oluqondayo lukarhulumente waseTshayina. I-Molycorp yaxela kwangaphambili ukuba amaxabiso anqabileyo asemhlabeni aya kunyuka kanti emva kwesiganeko phakathi kweenqanawa zokuloba amaTshayina kunye nonogada baseJapan ngo-2010, ngoko ke baphakamisa imali eninzi yokwakha ezona ndawo ziphezulu zokulungisa. Nangona kunjalo, xa urhulumente waseTshayina aphumzile i-31, iMolycorp yayiqhutywa yi-US $ 1.7 yezigidigidi kwityala kunye nesiqingatha seziqingatha zendawo yazo yokulungisa. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, yavela kwi-akhawunti yokungabhanga kwaye ithengiselwe imali eyi- $ 20,5 yezigidi, eyixabiso elibalulekileyo xa lithelekiswa ne- $ 1.7 yezigidi zeedola. Inkampani yahlangulwa yi-Consortium, kwaye i-China Lesan Sheng Sheard Inkampani yeNkampani iphatha ama-30% amalungelo eNkampani angavotanga. Ngobuchwephesha, ukuba nezabelo ezingavotaliyo kuthetha ukuba u-Lesanhehanhenghe unelungelo elingabi ngaphezu kwenxalenye yenzuzo, kwaye inani lilonke lezi nzuzo zincinci, ukuze abanye abantu babuze iinjongo zenkampani. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yesayizi ka-Lesanhehanhenghe Vayhe Diveres kwinani elifunekayo lokufumana i-30% yezabelo, inkampani inokuba ngumngcipheko. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo inokubekwa ngaphandle kokuthetha ngaphandle kokuvota. Ngokwexwebhu lesiTshayina eliveliswe yiWall Street Journal, uLeshanheng Shenga uza kuba nelungelo elikhethekileyo lokuthengisa iiminerali zentaba. Ngayiphi na imeko, iMolycorp iya kuthumela i-ree i-ree ukuya e-China. Nangona kunjalo, ukubakho kokuxhotyiswa kwe-China kumazwe anqabileyo ngoku aqatshelwe. Kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa, iingcali zaseJapan zatyelela iMongolia, iVietnam, eOstreliya kunye namanye amazwe kunye nezinye izixhobo zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ukwenza imibuzo. Ukusukela nge-18 kaNovemba ngo-2010, iJapan ifikelele kwisivumelwano sokuhambisa ixesha elide kunye neqela le-Australia. IJapan iqinisekisiwe ekuqaleni konyaka olandelayo, kwaye ukusukela kwandiswa kwayo, ngoku ifumene i-30% yehlabathi layo elinqabileyo eLynas. Okubangela umdla kukuba, i-chinane ye-chinaness chine engenazimbiza ze-metring yeqela elizama ukuthenga isibonda esikhulu eLynas kunyaka omnye ophelileyo. Ngenxa yokuba i-china ingumnikazi omkhulu wemigodi yomhlaba onqabileyo, umntu unokuzicacisa ukuba i-China iCwangciso lokuSebenzisa iMveliso yeHlabathi kunye neMakethi yeBango. Urhulumente wase-Australia uvale isivumelwano. NgoMeyi ka-2019, Unobhala jikelele waseTshayina Xi jinphang waqhubela phambili ukundwendwela ngokubanzi kwaye ngokomfuziselo ku-Jiangxi umhlaba waseJiangxi onqabileyo, oguqulelwa njengomboniso wempembelelo yorhulumente wakhe eWashington. The People's Daily, the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, wrote: “Only in this way can we suggest that the US should not underestimate China's ability to safeguard its development rights and rights. Ungatsho ukuba asikulumkisile. " Ababukeli bathi, "Ungatsho ukuba asilumkanga. Ibinzana elithi "wena" lihlala lisetyenziswa kuphela yimithombo yeendaba esemthethweni kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, njengaphambi kokuhlasela kwe-Chien vietnam ngo-1978 nakwimpikiswano yomda wama-2017 ne-2017 yemfazwe ye-2017 kunye ne-2017 yemfazwe ye-2017 ne-2017 ye-2017 kunye nembambano yomda wama-2017 kunye ne-2017 yemfazwe ye-2017 kunye ne-2017 yemfazwe ye-2017 kunye ne-2017 yemfazwe ye-2017 kunye ne-2017 yemfazwe ye-2017 ne-2017. Ukwenzela ukwandisa iinkxalabo ze-United States, njengoko izixhobo eziphezulu ziphuhliswa, izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ziyafuneka. Ukucacisa imizekelo nje emibini, umlo ngamnye we-F-35 ufuna iipesenti ezingama-920 zomhlaba onqabileyo, kwaye i-Witriginia-eklasini ye-Virginia ifuna izihlandlo ezilishumi. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo inzima ngakumbi kunendawo elula yokukhupha. Kwindawo, izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zixutywe neeminerali ezininzi kwiingcinezelo ezahlukeneyo. Emva koko, i-ore yoqobo kufuneka iqhubekeke kumjikelo wokuqala wokuvelisa ukugxila, kwaye ukusuka apho kungena kwenye indawo eyahlulahlula izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo. Kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba kukukhutshelwa kweSolvent, "izixhobo ezinyibilikisiweyo zidlula kumagumbi amagumbi olwelo ehlukanisa izinto okanye amanqanaba-amanye amanyathelo anokuphinda amakhulukhulu okanye amawaka amaxesha. Nje ukuba ihlanjululwe, zinokuqhutywa kwezixhobo ze-oxidation, iiphospirs, izinyithi, izabelo kunye nemagazini ye-manetic okanye i-Luminescer okanye i-Electrochemical yeZinto zeMali. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubukho bezixhobo zerediyo zenza inkqubo. ka-2012, iJapan yafumana i-euphoria ephilayo, kwaye iqinisekisiwe ngokweenkcukacha zaye zafunyanwa kwi-Nanniao kwiSiqithi soqoqosho esiphezulu, esiqikelelwa ukuba sihlangabezeni iimfuno zenkulungwane. Nangona kunjalo, malunga ne-2020, iphephandaba lesibini le-Japan ekhulu, uAhiya, echaze iphupha lokuzihlaziya 'njengokungonwabi. " Nokuba kwitekhnoloji yeTekhnoloji ye-SAVVY, ukufumana indlela yokukhupha ngokuthengisa ngokurhwebi kuseyingxaki. Isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-piston core ukuqhuba udaka ukusuka kwi-stratum phantsi komgangatho wolwandle kubunzulu beemitha ezingama-6000. Ngenxa yokuba umatshini wokucoca uthatha ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-200 ukuya kufikelela elunxwemeni, inkqubo ibuhlungu kakhulu. Ukufikelela nokukhupha udaka sisiqalo nje senkqubo yokucoca, kunye nezinye iingxaki zilandele. Kukho ingozi enokubakho kwindalo esingqongileyo. Izazinzulu zinexhala lokuba "ngenxa yesenzo sokujikeleza amanzi, ukuntywila kunokuwa kwaye kuchithe umhlaba onqabileyo kunye nodaka olungena elwandle." Izinto zorhwebo nazo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo: Iitoni ezingama-3 55 kufuneka ziqokelelwe yonke imihla ukwenza inkampani ibe yinzuzo. Okwangoku, iitoni ezingama-350 kuphela zinokuqokelelwa iiyure ezili-10 ngosuku.n, ngamanye amaxesha, zichitha ixesha kwaye zibiza kakhulu ukulungiselela ukusebenzisa izinto ezinqabileyo, nokuba ngumhlaba okanye ulwandle. I-China ilawula phantse yonke indawo yokusebenza ehlabathini, kwaye nehlabathi elinqabileyo likhutshwe kwamanye amazwe / imimandla ithunyelwa apho ukuze kulungiswe. Ukhetho lwaluse-iynas, oluthunyelwa ngu-Ore ukuya kwiMalaysia ukuba lubelwe. Nangona igalelo likaLinas kwingxaki enqabileyo yomhlaba lixabisekile, asisiso isisombululo esifanelekileyo. Umxholo wezinto ezinqabileyo kwimigodi yenkampani iphantsi kune-china, okuthetha ukuba i-lynas kufuneka ikhuphe izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, zenza izinto eziphambili zezicelo zolondolozo, zonyusa iindleko. Imigodi enqabileyo yomhlaba inqabile ngokuthenga inkomo iphela njengenkomo: Ngomhla we-204.40, i-Texas Musity i-US $ I-US $ 55 ye-Texas eBeech ngo-2019, i-Texas-esekwe kwi-US Nangona kunjalo, le projekthi kulindeleke ukuba ithathe iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu ukuya kuphila, yenza ukuba abathengi base-US basengozini eBeijing's Realiageatory. Xa urhulumente wase-Australia avalela ukuzama kuka-Australia ukuze afumane i-Lynas, iBeijing iqhubeke nokufuna olunye ukuqhutywa kwamanye amazwe. Sele inomzi-mveliso eVietnam kwaye ingenise inani elikhulu leemveliso ezivela eMyanmar. Ngo-2018, yayiyitoni engama-25,000 yomhlaba onqabileyo, kwaye ukusuka ngoJanuwari 1 ukuya ku-Meyi ka-2019, yayiyi-9,21 yeetoni ezingama-9,217 zomhlaba onqabileyo. Intshabalalo yokusingqongileyo kunye nengxabano zabangela ukuvalwa kwezenzo ezingabhaliswanga ngabasebenzi beenqwelo moya. Ukuvalwa komsebenzi kunokuba yinto engasebenzi kakuhle ngo-2020, kwaye kusekho imisebenzi yemigodi esemthethweni kumacala omabini omda. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ziyaqhubeka nokumiselwa e-China phantsi komthetho waseMzantsi Afrika iindlela ze-Gregaloout (ezinje nge-United States zine-United States kwi-Thule, i-Somi-Automomous. Izixhobo ze-Shenghe Holdings ziye zaba zezona zabelo zikhulu ze-Greenland Corporals Co., i-LTD. ngo-2019, yeka inkxaso-mali yenkxaso ye-nyclear yelizwe lenyukliya le-nyclear yesizwe (i-CNC) ukurhweba kunye nenkqubo enqabileyo yomhlaba. Yintoni eyenza umcimbi wokhuseleko kunye nento engasebenziyo ingaba ngumba wokhuseleko onokuba ngumcimbi ophithiphithi phakathi kwala maqela mabini kwi-Denish-Greenland Aborting Act. Ukusukela ngo-2010, isitokhwe sinyukile ngokuqinisekileyo, esinokugqume kakhulu kwi-Embargo ye-Embargo ngequbuliso kwixesha elifutshane. Imihlaba enqabileyo inokuphinda isetyenziselwe ukuphinda isebenze, kwaye iinkqubo zinokuyilwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle koncedo olukhoyo. Imizamo kaRhulumente yaseJapan yokufumana indlela eyaneleyo yokufikelela kwii-mineral eziyinqabileyo kwezoqoqosho kwimimandla yayo ekhethekileyo inokuthi iphumelele, kwaye uphando ngokudalwa komhlaba onqabileyo yindawo enqabileyo. Ukunyuka kwe-China Ukuhlolwa kwemicimbi yokusingqongileyo kuye kwachaphazeleka kwimveliso. Nangona ukuthengiswa kwezinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo ngamaxabiso asezantsi kunokuvala ukhuphiswano lwangaphandle, lube nefuthe elibi kwimimandla yokuvelisa kunye nokuhlaziya. Amanzi amdaka ngetyhefu kakhulu. Amanzi amdaka kwimisila yomhlaba encotsheni inokunciphisa ungcoliseko lwendawo enqabileyo yomhlaba onqabileyo, kodwa amanzi anqabileyo anokuvuza okanye aphule, ekhokelela ekungcoliseni okunzulu. Nangona kungekho nkqonkqozo kawonke-wonke ngenxa yokungcolisa kwimigodi yomhlaba enqabileyo ebangelwa yiYangtti River yezikhukula ngo-2020, ngokuqinisekileyo kukho iinkxalabo malunga nokungcola. Izikhukula zazinefuthe eliyintlekele kumzi-mveliso ka-Lesan Shengherher kunye noluhlu lwayo. Inkampani iqikelele ilahleko yayo ukuba iphakathi kwe-US $ 35 nezigidi ezingama-48, kude kakhulu kwi-inshurensi ye-inshurensi. Kunikezwe ukuba izikhukula ezinokubangelwa lutshintsho lwemozulu luyenzeka rhoqo, ukubakho komonakalo kunye nongcoliseko olubangelwe yi-Ganzhou kwi-Ganzhou kwi-Ganzo Jineng Lawula le mithombo ithelekiswa nemali efunekayo ukuze ilungiswe. Akukho xabiso. Umonakalo. "Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke kumthombo wengxelo, i-China iza kubonelela ngama-70% ukuya kwi-77% yezinto ezinqabileyo zehlabathi. Kuphela kuxa ichukumisa isondele, njengaku-2010 kwaye ngo-2019, i-United States iqhubeke nokuhoya. Kwimeko ye-Magniquench naseMolycorp, i-themidine ye-thessortium inokuphembelela iKomiti yoTyalo-mali lwangaphandle eUnited States (CFIus) ukuba ukuthengisa akuyi kuchaphazela kakubi ukhuseleko lwaseMelika. I-CFis kufuneka yandise ubungakanani bayo boxanduva lokufumana ukhuseleko lwezoqoqosho, kwaye kufanele ukuba kuphaphele. Ngokuchasene nokuphendula ngokufutshane kunye nexesha elifutshane kwixesha elidlulileyo, inkathalo eqhubekayo yoRhulumente kwixa elizayo kuyinto efunekayo. Ukujonga emva kumagqabantshintshi abantu ngo-2019, asinakusithi asilumkisiwe.Nimboniselo kweli nqaku kuphela kombhali kwaye ayibonakalisi imeko yeZiko loPhando lwePolisi yeHlabathi. IZiko loPhando lweMigaqo-nkqubo yangaphandle lingumbutho ongengowasemva olunikezelwe ekupapasheni amanqaku emigaqo-nkqubo yempikiswano kumgaqo-nkqubo wase-US kunye nokhuseleko lwesizwe. Izinto eziphambili.Theuffer Dreyer, i-Ania ephezulu yeNkqubo yeShishini yeZiko lezobupolitika kwiYunivesithi yaseMiami kwi-Teami kwi-Teami kwi-Toral Chearavirus, i-Cloida.I-Infoning Taiwang-Wen yaqala ngekota yakhe yesibini. Kumsitho onoxolo ngakumbi [...] ngesiqhelo, intlanganiso yonyaka yeCongress yaBantu yeSizwe (i-NPC) ye-China yinto enqabileyo. Kwithiyori, iRiphabliki yaseTshayina [...] IZiko loPhando lweMigaqo-nkqubo lwangaphandle lizibophelele ekuboneleleni ngolona hlaziyo uphakamileyo kunye nohlalutyo lomgaqo-nkqubo ongenzi nxaxheba, kugxilwe kumgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe ophambili. Sifundisa abantu abazenzayo kunye nefuthe imigaqo-nkqubo kunye noluntu ngokubanzi ngembali, iJografi neyenkcubeko. Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-FPRI »Umgaqo-nkqubo wezangaphandle 610 · Philadelpho, ePennsylvania 1910215.215.731.377777777777777777777777777777777.73012201201220. onke Amalungelo Agciniwe.
I-Post Tight: Jul-04-2022