Indlela ye-oxidation yomoya yindlela ye-oxidation esebenzisa i-oxygen emoyeni ukuze i-oxidizei-ceriumukuya kwi-tetravalent phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Le ndlela ibandakanya ukugcadiswa kwe-fluorocarbon cerium ore, i-oxalates yomhlaba enqabileyo, kunye ne-carbonates emoyeni (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-oxidation eyosiweyo) okanye ukutshisa iihydroxides zomhlaba ezinqabileyo (i-oxidation yomoya owomileyo) okanye ukungenisa umoya kumhlaba onqabileyo we-hydroxides slurry (i-oxidation yomoya omanzi).
1. Ukuqhotsa i-oxidation
Ukuqhotsa i-fluorocarbon cerium concentrate emoyeni kwi-500 ℃ okanye uqhotse i-Baiyunebo enqabileyo yomhlaba igxile kwi-sodium carbonate emoyeni kwi-600-700 ℃. Ngexesha lokubola kweeminerali zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, i-cerium kwiiminerali i-oxidized kwi-tetravalent. Iindlela zokwahlulahlulai-ceriumukusuka kwiimveliso ze-calcined zibandakanya umhlaba onqabileyo we-sulfate indlela yetyuwa ephindwe kabini, indlela yokukhupha i-solvent, njl.
Ukongeza kwi-oxidation yokuqhotsa yeumhlaba onqabileyoukugxila, iityuwa ezifana ne-earth oxalate enqabileyo kunye ne-earth carbonate enqabileyo zibola kwi-atmosfera yomoya, kwaye i-cerium ifakwe kwi-oxidized kwi-CeO2. Ukuqinisekisa ukunyibilika okulungileyo komxube we-oksidi yomhlaba onqabileyo ofunyenwe ngokurosa, iqondo lobushushu lokutshisa akufunekanga libe phezulu kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-700 kunye ne-800 ℃. I-oxides inokuchithwa kwi-1-1.5mol / L isisombululo se-sulfuric acid okanye i-4-5mol / L isisombululo se-nitric acid. Xa i-leaching ore eyosiweyo kunye ne-sulfuric acid kunye ne-nitric acid, i-cerium ingena kakhulu kwisisombululo kwifom ye-tetravalent. Eyangaphambili ibandakanya ukufumana isisombululo se-sulfate yomhlaba enqabileyo equlethe i-50g / L REO malunga ne-45 ℃, kwaye emva koko ivelise i-cerium dioxide usebenzisa indlela ye-P204 yokukhutshwa; Le yokugqibela ibandakanya ukulungiselela isisombululo senitrate yomhlaba enqabileyo equlethe i-REO ye-150-200g/L kwiqondo lobushushu le-80-85 ℃, kwaye emva koko usebenzisa i-TBP yokukhutshwa ukwahlula i-cerium.
Xa iioksidi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zinyibilika kunye ne-dilute sulfuric acid okanye i-nitric acid, i-CeO2 ayinakunyibilika. Ngoko ke, inani elincinci le-hydrofluoric acid kufuneka lifakwe kwisisombululo njenge-catalyst kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokutshatyalaliswa ukuphucula i-solubility ye-CeO2.
2, Umoya oxidation owomileyo
Beka i-hydroxide yomhlaba enqabileyo kwisithando somlilo kwaye uyifake kwi-oxidize phantsi kweemeko zomoya kwi-100-120 ℃ kwiiyure ze-16-24. Ukusabela kwe-oxidation ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
4Ce(OH)3+O2+2H2O=4Ce(OH)4
Izinga le-oxidation ye-cerium inokufikelela kwi-97%. Ukuba ubushushu be-oxidation bonyuswa ngakumbi ukuya kwi-140 ℃, ixesha le-oxidation linokufinyezwa kwiiyure ezi-4-6, kwaye izinga le-oxidation ye-cerium nalo linokufikelela kwi-97% ~ 98%. Inkqubo ye-oxidation yomoya owomileyo ivelisa isixa esikhulu sothuli kunye neemeko ezimbi zabasebenzi, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngoku kwilabhoratri.
3. I-atmospheric emanzi oxidation yomoya
Hlanganisa i-hydroxide yomhlaba enqabileyo ngamanzi ukwenza i-slurry, lawula i-REO concentration kwi-50-70g / L, yongeza i-NaOH ukunyusa i-alkalinity ye-slurry kwi-0.15-0.30mol / L, kwaye xa ishushu kwi-85 ℃, yazisa ngokuthe ngqo umoya I-oxidize yonke i-cerium ene-trivalent ku-slurry ukuya kwi-tetravalent cerium. Ngethuba lenkqubo ye-oxidation, ukuphuphuma kwamanzi kukhulu kakhulu, ngoko ke umlinganiselo othile wamanzi kufuneka wongezwe nangaliphi na ixesha ukuze ugcine ugxininiso oluzinzileyo lomhlaba onqabileyo. Xa i-40L ye-slurry i-oxidized kwi-batch nganye, ixesha le-oxidation liyi-4-5 iiyure, kwaye izinga le-oxidation ye-cerium linokufikelela kwi-98%. Xa i-8m3 yomhlaba onqabileyo we-hydroxide slurry i-oxidized ngexesha ngalinye, izinga lokuhamba komoya li-8-12m3 / min, kwaye ixesha le-oxidation linyuswa ukuya kwi-15h, izinga le-oxidation ye-cerium linokufikelela kwi-97% ~ 98%.
Iimpawu zendlela ye-atmospheric emanzi ye-oxidation yomoya zezi: izinga eliphezulu le-oxidation ye-cerium, imveliso enkulu, iimeko ezilungileyo zokusebenza, ukusebenza okulula, kwaye le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwishishini ukuvelisa i-cerium dioxide ekrwada.
4. Uxinzelelo lomoya oxidation omanzi
Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo, i-air oxidation ithatha ixesha elide, kwaye abantu banciphisa ixesha le-oxidation ngokusebenzisa uxinzelelo. Ukunyuka koxinzelelo lomoya, oko kukuthi, ukunyuka kwe-oksijeni inxalenye yoxinzelelo kwinkqubo, kukulungele ukuchithwa kwe-oksijini kwisisombululo kunye nokusabalalisa kwe-oksijini kwi-surface diffusion ye-particle ye-hydroxide yomhlaba enqabileyo, ngaloo ndlela ikhawuleza inkqubo ye-oxidation.
Xuba i-hydroxide yomhlaba enqabileyo ngamanzi ukuya malunga ne-60g / L, lungisa i-pH ukuya kwi-13 kunye ne-sodium hydroxide, uphakamise ubushushu malunga ne-80 ℃, ungenise umoya we-oxidation, ulawule uxinzelelo kwi-0.4MPa, kunye ne-oxidize ngeyure eli-1. Izinga le-oxidation ye-cerium inokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-95%. Kwimveliso yokwenyani, imathiriyeli ekrwada ye-oxidation enqabileyo yomhlaba ihydroxide ifunyanwa ngokuguqulwa kwealkali ngokusiwa kwetyuwa yomhlaba enqabileyo yesodium sulfate. Ukuze unciphise inkqubo, imvula yetyuwa yomhlaba enqabileyo ye-sodium sulfate ityuwa kunye nesisombululo se-alkali inongezwa kwitanki ye-oxidation ecinezelekileyo, ukugcina uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu obuthile. Umoya okanye i-oxygen ecebileyo inokwaziswa ukuguqula umhlaba onqabileyo kwityuwa eyinkimbinkimbi ibe yi-hydroxides yomhlaba enqabileyo, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo, i-Ce (OH) 3 kuyo inokuthi ifakwe kwi-Ce (OH) 4.
Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezixinzelelekileyo, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-alkali yetyuwa eyinkimbinkimbi, izinga le-oxidation ye-cerium, kunye nesantya se-oxidation ye-cerium zonke ziphuculwe. Emva kwemizuzu engama-45 yokusabela, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-alkali yetyuwa ephindwe kabini kunye nesantya se-oxidation ye-cerium sifikelele kwi-96%.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-09-2023